睪

See also: 睾

睪	U+776A, 睪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-776A

← 睩
[U+7769]

CJK Unified Ideographs

睫 →
[U+776B]

Translingual

Han character

睪 (radical 109, 目+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 田中土廿十 (WLGTJ), four-corner 2640₁, composition ⿱罒幸)

Derived characters

襗, 𥼶, 圛, 殬, 斁, 𢍰, 譯, 澤, 懌, 擇, 嶧, 繹, 驛, 鐸, 釋

References

KangXi: page 811, character 10

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23466

Dae Jaweon: page 1226, character 9

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2918, character 6

Unihan data for U+776A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (睪) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
斁	ʔl'aːɡs, l'aːɡs, *laːɡ
籜	*l̥ʰaːɡ
蘀	*l̥ʰaːɡ
鐸	*l'aːɡ
凙	*l'aːɡ
襗	l'aːɡ, rlaːɡ, *laːɡ
擇	*rlaːɡ
澤	*rlaːɡ
鸅	*rlaːɡ
蠌	*rlaːɡ
檡	rlaːɡ, hljaɡ
釋	*hljaɡ
繹	*laːɡ
睪	neb, laːɡ, *kuː
譯	*laːɡ
嶧	*laːɡ
懌	*laːɡ
驛	*laːɡ
醳	*laːɡ
圛	*laːɡ
墿	*laːɡ
燡	*laːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 目 (“eye”) + 㚔.

Etymology 1

trad.		睪
simp.		𠬤
alt. forms		𥇝𥇡𦎝

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jik⁶
Min Nan (POJ): e̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jik⁶
  - Yale: yihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
  - Tâi-lô: i̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ek
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/

Middle Chinese: /jiᴇk̚/, /ɳˠiᴇp̚/▼

Rime
Character	睪	睪
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)	葉 (156)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	Chongniu III
Fanqie	羊益切	尼輒切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇk̚/	/ɳˠiᴇp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛk̚/	/ɳᵚiɛp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iæk̚/	/niæp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiajk̚/	/ɳjiap̚/
Li Rong	/iɛk̚/	/njɛp̚/
Wang Li	/jĭɛk̚/	/nĭɛp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛk̚/	/ni̯ɛp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì	niè

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*laːɡ/, /*neb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	睪	睪
Reading #	2/3	1/3
No.	15137	13887
Phonetic component	睪	幸
Rime group	鐸	盍
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	繹	聶
Old Chinese	/*laːɡ/	/*neb/

Definitions

睪

to spy on

Etymology 2

trad.		睪/睾
simp.		睾

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gāo (gao¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄠ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gou¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kâu

(Meixian, Guangdong): gau¹
Min Dong (BUC): gŏ̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ko / ko͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): gao¹
Wu (Wiktionary): kau (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄠ
  - Wade–Giles: kao¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gau
  - IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gou¹
  - Yale: gōu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gou¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gou¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kou̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâu
  - Hakka Romanization System: gau´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gau¹
  - IPA: /ka̯u²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gau¹
  - IPA: /kau⁴⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gŏ̤
  - IPA ^(key): /ko⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko
  - Tâi-lô: ko
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koy
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ko⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko͘
  - Tâi-lô: koo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kof
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gao¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kau
  - IPA ^(key): /kau³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: kau (T1)
  - IPA ^(key): /kɔ⁵³/

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kuː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	睪
Reading #	3/3
No.	3784
Phonetic component	皋
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	髙
Old Chinese	/*kuː/
Notes	皐字注俗體，見靈樞

Definitions

睪

testicle

Usage notes

In Taiwan, 睪 is the preferred form, while 睾 is considered to be a variant form of 睪. In mainland China and Hong Kong, 睾 is the preferred form.

Compounds

副睪／副睾
副睪丸／副睾丸
睪丸／睾丸 (gāowán)

睪固酮／睾固酮 (gāogùtóng)
睪酮／睾酮 (gāotóng)
附睪／附睾

隱睪／隐睾 (yǐngāo)
隱睪症／隐睾症

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 睪 – see 澤 (“Eupatorium”). (This character, 睪, is an ancient form of 澤.)

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 睪 – see 皋 (“the high land along a river; marsh, pool; etc.”). (This character, 睪, is an ancient form of 皋.)

Japanese

Kanji

睪

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): えき (eki), やく (yaku), じょう (jō), にょう (nyō)

Kun: うかがいめる (ukagaimeru)

Korean

Hanja

睪 • (go) (hangeul 고, revised go, McCune–Reischauer ko, Yale ko)

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Vietnamese

Han character

Hán Việt: cao

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