影響

See also: 影响

Chinese

 
picture; image; reflection; shadow
 
to make a sound; to sound; to ring; (a measure word for sound); loud
trad. (影響) 影 響
simp. (影响) 影 响

Etymology

Various senses stemmed from two literal meanings:

  • “Shadow and echo” (that closely follow a body or sound) > “to follow or respond swiftly” > “to imitate; to approximate”; “effect; influence”; “to affect; to impact”; etc.;
  • “Shadow and sound” (from the presence of a person or animal) > “trace; trail” > “news; tidings; information”; “impression; outline”; “faint; vague” > “baseless”.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 影 響
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 庚 (111) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 於丙切 許兩切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔˠiæŋX/ /hɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔᵚiaŋX/ /hiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔiaŋX/ /xiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔiajŋX/ /hɨaŋX/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiɐŋX/ /xiaŋX/
Wang
Li		 /ĭɐŋX/ /xĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ɐŋX/ /xi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yǐng xiǎng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 影 響
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǐng xiǎng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjængX › ‹ xjangX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qraŋʔ/ /*qʰaŋʔ/
English shadow (n.) echo

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 影 響
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 6837 13599
Phonetic
component		 京 鄉
Rime
group		 陽 陽
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 影 響
Old
Chinese		 /*qraŋʔ/ /*qʰaŋʔ/
Notes 古作景，顏之推說葛洪字苑始加彡

Verb

影響

  1. (figuratively) to have an effect on; to influence; to affect; to have an impact on; to disturb
  2. (literary, figuratively) to respond or follow swiftly
  3. (literary, figuratively) to coordinate (with each other); to collaborate; to echo
  4. (literary, figuratively) to approximate; to be similar to
  5. (literary, figuratively) to imitate; to emulate

Derived terms

Noun

影響

  1. (figuratively) influence; effect; impact; disturbance (Classifier: 股 m)
    巨大影響 / 巨大影响  ―  jùdà yǐngxiǎng  ―  tremendous influence
    擴大影響 / 扩大影响  ―  kuòdà yǐngxiǎng  ―  to extend influence
  2. (literary, literally) shadow and echo
  3. (literary, literally) shadow and sound
  4. (literary, figuratively) trace; trail
  5. (literary, figuratively) news; tidings; information
  6. (literary, figuratively) impression; outline; rough idea

Derived terms

  • 群眾影響／群众影响

Adjective

影響

  1. (literary, figuratively) faint; vague; indistinct; unclear
  2. (literary, figuratively) baseless; unfounded; unsubstantiated

Derived terms

  • 影響之見／影响之见
  • 影響之談／影响之谈

Japanese

Kanji in this term
影 響
えい
Grade: S		 きょう
Grade: S
on’yomi

Noun

影響 (hiragana えいきょう, rōmaji eikyō)

  1. influence, effect
    • 1937, 甲賀三郎, ドイルを宗とす:
      多 (た)少 (しょう)の影 (えい)響 (きょう)を受 (う)けているかも知 (し)れぬ。
      Tashō no eikyō o ukete iru kamoshirenu.
      It may perchance be influenced to some degree.

Compounds

Verb

影響する (intransitive, hiragana えいきょうする, rōmaji eikyō suru)

  1. influence, have an effect upon
    • 1916, 和辻哲郎, ある思想家の手紙:
      親 (おや)たちの顔 (かお)に現 (あら)われたこういう気 (き)持 (も)ちはすぐ子供 (こども)に影 (えい)響 (きょう)しました。
      Oya-tachi no kao ni arawareta kō iu kimochi wa sugu kodomo ni eikyō shimashita.
      The feeling that showed on the parents' faces had an immediate effect on the children.

Conjugation

References

  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
影響

Noun

影響 • (yeonghyang) (hangeul 영향)

  1. Hanja form? of 영향 (“influence; effect”).
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.