冇

冇 U+5187, 冇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5187
← 円
[U+5186] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 冈 →
[U+5188]

Translingual

Han character

冇 (radical 13, 冂+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 大月 (KB) or X大月 (XKB), four-corner 40227, composition ⿱𠂇冂)

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

From the removal of the two inner strokes from 有 (“to have”).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 冇
alt. forms 無／无
冒 Xiang

From 無 (MC mɨo, “to not have”), fused with 有 (MC ɦɨuX, “to have”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • mau5 - “have not; did not”;
  • mau6 - “to not have” (contraction of 冇得).

Definitions

冇

  1. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, dialectal Gan, Hakka, dialectal Wu, Xiang) to not have; to not exist
    你冇女朋友？梗係唔信啦！……或者有。你唔知啫。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    你冇女朋友？梗系唔信啦！……或者有。你唔知啫。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    From: 陳慧嫻, 紅茶館
    Nei5 mou5 neoi5 pang4 jau5? Gang2 hai6 m4 seon3 laa1!...... Waak6 ze2 jau5. Nei5 m4 zi1 ze1. [Jyutping]
    You don't have a girlfriend? Of course I don't believe you! ... Maybe you do have one, but you just don't know it.
    冇理由㗎。 [Cantonese]  ―  Mou5 lei5 jau4 gaa3. [Jyutping]  ―  Impossible.
  2. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Xiang) have not; did not (do something) (indicating non-completion of a verb)
    我冇同佢講。 / 我冇同佢讲。 [Cantonese]  ―  Ngo5 mou5 tung4 keoi5 gong2. [Jyutping]  ―  I did not tell him.
    佢幾個月都冇嚟。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    佢几个月都冇嚟。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    Keoi5 gei2 go3 jyut6 dou1 mou5 lai4. [Jyutping]
    He hasn't come for a few months.
Usage notes
  • Originally from Cantonese, the meaning of this character is now passively understood by many Mandarin speakers.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 沒有 (“to not have (+ noun)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 無
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 沒有
Mandarin Beijing 沒有、沒
Taiwan 沒有、沒
Jinan 沒有、沒
Xi'an 沒有
Wuhan 冇得
Chengdu 沒得
Yangzhou 不得、沒得
Hefei 沒
Cantonese Guangzhou 冇、冇有
Hong Kong 冇
Taishan 冇
Gan Nanchang 冒有
Hakka Meixian 無
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 無
Liudui (S. Sixian) 無
Hsinchu (Hailu) 無
Dongshi (Dabu) 無
Zhuolan (Raoping) 無
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 無
Jin Taiyuan 沒、沒啦
Min Dong Fuzhou 無
Min Nan Xiamen 無
Quanzhou 無
Zhangzhou 無
Taipei 無
Kaohsiung 無
Tainan 無
Taichung 無
Hsinchu 無
Lukang 無
Sanxia 無
Yilan 無
Kinmen 無
Magong 無
Penang 無
Singapore 無
Philippines (Manila) 無
Chaozhou 無
Shantou 無
Thailand (Bangkok) 無
Wu Shanghai 嘸沒
Suzhou 嘸不
Wenzhou 冇
Xiang Changsha 冇得、冇
Shuangfeng 冇得

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
 冇

Compare Saek [script needed] (phoongC2, “hollow; hole (in a tree, bamboo)”), Proto-Bahnaric *pɔːŋ (“hollow; flattened”) (Schuessler, 2007).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

Definitions

冇

  1. (Min, Hakka) empty; hollow; spongy; not sturdy
    冇柴 [Min Nan]  ―  phàⁿ-chhâ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  porous wood
  2. (Min, Hakka) unreliable; undependable; casual
  3. (Min Nan) extravagant; generous
    冇手 [Min Nan]  ―  phàⁿ-chhiú [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  generous
  4. (Hakka) insufficient; lacking

Vietnamese

Han character

冇 (mậu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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