酉

See also: 丣 and 西

酉	U+9149, 酉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9149

← 酈
[U+9148]

CJK Unified Ideographs

酊 →
[U+914A]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

酉 (radical 164 酉+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一金田一 (MCWM), four-corner 1060₀)

Kangxi radical #164, ⾣.

Derived characters

Index:Chinese radical/酉

References

KangXi: page 1280, character 2

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39763

Dae Jaweon: page 1778, character 36

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3572, character 1

Unihan data for U+9149

Chinese

simp. and trad.		酉
alt. forms		丣

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 酉
Shang		Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)		Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Ancient script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (酉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
楢	kʰjuʔ, lu
逎	*ʔslu
遒	sklu, sɡlu
蝤	sklu, sɡlu
揂	*sklu
酒	*ʔsluʔ
媨	*sklus
鞧	*skʰlu
緧	*skʰlu
趥	skʰlu, skʰluŋs
酋	*sɡlu
崷	*sɡlu
鰌	*sɡlu
煪	*sɡlu
醜	*l̥ʰjuʔ
猶	klus, lu, *lus
猷	*lu
輶	lu, luʔ, *lus
偤	*lu
莤	lu, sruɡ
蕕	*lu
庮	lu, luʔ
槱	luʔ, lus
梄	*luʔ
丣	*luʔ
酉	*luʔ

Pictogram (象形) : an ancient vase used in making and storing fermented millet alcoholic drink. See 酒.

Etymology

“unitary”: From English unitary.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǒu (you³)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yu
Min Nan (POJ): iú

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yǒu
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˇ
  - Wade–Giles: yu³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeou
  - IPA ^(key): /i̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jau⁵
  - Yale: yáuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯¹³/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu
  - Hakka Romanization System: iu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu⁴
  - IPA: /i̯u⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yu
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yiu⁴
  - IPA: /(j)i̯u⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iú
  - Tâi-lô: iú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iuo
  - IPA (Xiamen): /iu⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iu⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /iu⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /jɨu^X/▼

Rime
Character	酉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	與久切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/jiu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/iəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juw^X/
Li Rong	/iu^X/
Wang Li	/jĭəu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-ruʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*luʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	酉	酉	酉
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒu	yǒu	yǒu
Middle Chinese	‹ yuw^X ›	‹ yuw^X ›	‹ yuw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*N-ruʔ/	/*N-ruʔ/	/*N-ruʔ/
English	10th earthly branch	wine	old
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	酉
Reading #	1/1
No.	15583
Phonetic component	酉
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	酉
Old Chinese	/*luʔ/

Definitions

酉

an alcoholic drink vessel
tenth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
rooster (鷄) of Chinese zodiac
the period from 5-7 p.m.
(mathematics) unitary

Coordinate terms

(earthly branches) 地支; 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

Usage notes

Although it remains associated with alcoholic drink, the character alone is mostly used as the tenth earthly branch in the Chinese cyclical calendar.

Compounds

三酉
卯酉
卯酉參辰／卯酉参辰
卯酉子午
參辰卯酉／参辰卯酉

子午卯酉
才貫二酉／才贯二酉
書畫卯酉／书画卯酉
書通二酉／书通二酉
酉字牌

酉時／酉时 (yǒushí)
酉群 (yǒuqún)
酉陽雜俎／酉阳杂俎
鬼酉上車／鬼酉上车

Japanese

Kanji

酉

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

"sake" radical (さけづぐり)
"bird of the zodiac" radical (ひよみのとり, とりへん)
rooster (tenth sign of the Chinese zodiac)

Readings

Goon: ゆ (yu)
Kan’on: ゆう (yū)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
Kun: とり (tori, 酉)
Nanori: なが (naga); みのる (minoru)

Compounds

卯 (ぼう)酉 (ゆう)線 (せん) (bōyūsen)
酉年 (とりどし) (toridoshi)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
酉
とり Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From 鶏 (niwatori, tori, “chicken”), from 庭 (niwa, “garden”) + 鳥 (tori, “bird”)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) とり [tòrí] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA^(key): [to̞ɾʲi]
Homophones: 鳥, 鶏

Proper noun

酉 (hiragana とり, rōmaji Tori)

the Rooster, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
酉
ゆう Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 酉 (yuw^X)

Proper noun

酉 (hiragana ゆう, rōmaji Yū, historical hiragana いう)

the Rooster, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches

References

JIS: 4653
Kuten: 3851
Shift JIS: 93D1
EUC-JP: C6D3
Frequency: 2468
Nelson: 4775

New Nelson: 6157
Halpern: 3544
Halpern Learners: 2207
Heisig: 1427
Tuttle Kanji Dictionary: 2254

Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.

Korean

Hanja

酉 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)

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Vietnamese

Han character

酉 (dấu, dậu, giấu, giậu)

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