法

See also: 𝌭
法 U+6CD5, 法
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CD5
← 泔
[U+6CD4] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 泖 →
[U+6CD6]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

法 (radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水土戈 (EGI), four-corner 34131, composition ⿰氵去)

References

  • KangXi: page 616, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17290
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1010, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1579, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6CD5

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 法
alt. forms 㳒
灋
𢌇
佱
𣳴

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (法) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
法 *pqab
灋 *pqab

Simplified from earlier 灋, which was originally used to represent 廢 (OC *pads, “to cast aside; to abrogate”).

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with Tibetan བབས (babs, “shape, form, appearance”), དབྱིབས (dbyibs, “shape, form, figure”). Possibly cognate with 凡 (OC *bom, “all, general, every; pattern, general rule”); see there for more.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • fǎ - normal pronunciation;
  • fā - used in some colloquial words (e.g. 法兒 (“method”) in 沒法兒 and 想個法兒);
  • fá - used in 法子 (“method”) and 法兒 (“method”);
  • fà - common Taiwan variant in 法國 (“France”).
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 法
Mandarin Beijing /fa²¹⁴/
/fa⁵¹/
Harbin /fa²¹³/
Tianjin /fɑ⁴⁵/ ～子
/fɑ¹³/ 方～,～國
Jinan /fa²¹³/
Qingdao /fa⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /fa²⁴/
Xi'an /fa²¹/
Xining /fa⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /fa¹³/
Lanzhou /fa¹³/
Ürümqi /fa⁵¹/
Wuhan /fa²¹³/
Chengdu /fa³¹/
Guiyang /fa²¹/
Kunming /fa̠³¹/
Nanjing /fɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /fɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /faʔ²/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /faʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /faʔ⁵/
Suzhou /faʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /fɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ho²¹³/
Hui Shexian /faʔ²¹/
Tunxi /fuːə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /fa²⁴/
Xiangtan /ɸɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /faʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /fap̚¹/
Taoyuan /fɑp̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fat̚³/
Nanning /fat̚³³/
Hong Kong /fat̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /huat̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /huɑʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xua²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /huak̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /fak̚⁵/
Rime
Character 法
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 乏 (148)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方乏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨɐp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piɐp̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piɐp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puap̚/
Li
Rong		 /piɐp̚/
Wang
Li		 /pĭwɐp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯wɐp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fa
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 法
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fǎ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjop ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[p.k]ap/
English model, law

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 法
Reading # 1/1
No. 2867
Phonetic
component		 法
Rime
group		 盍
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 法
Old
Chinese		 /*pqab/
Notes 說文灋省文

Definitions

法

  1. law; rule; regulation; statute
  2. norm; standard; model; example
  3. method; way; solution
  4. (Buddhism) dharma; principle of the universe; teachings of Buddha
    末法時期 / 末法时期  ―  mò fǎ shíqī  ―  Dharma-ending age
  5. Buddhist; relating to Buddhism
  6. † to imitate; to emulate
  7. 40th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "law"
  8. Short for 法國 (“France; French”).
  9. A surname​.

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (法):
  • Japanese: 法 (ほう) (hō)
  • Korean: 법 (法, beop)
  • Vietnamese: pháp (法)

Others:

  • → Proto-Tai
    • Lao: ແບບ (bǣp, “form; model, standard, example; method; style, manner; brand, type”)
    • Thai: แบบ (bɛ̀ɛp, “kind; design, pattern; style; type; model”)
    • → Khmer: បែប (baep, “kind, sort, model, type; style, form, shape; aspect; method, way, situation, condition”)
    • → Vietnamese: phép (“rule, custom, usage, method; permission, authorisation; magical power”)

Japanese

Kanji

法

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. method
  2. law, rule
  3. principle
  4. model
  5. system

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
法
ほう
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Middle Chinese 法

Pronunciation

Noun

法 (hiragana ほう, rōmaji hō, historical hiragana はふ)

  1. principle
  2. law
  3. code of law
  4. method
  5. etiquette
  6. (Buddhism) dharma
  7. (grammar) mood
  8. (mathematics) divisor
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
法
のり
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

法 (hiragana のり, rōmaji nori)

  1. law
  2. measure, size
    内 (うち)法 (のり)
    uchi nori
    inner size
Synonyms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
法
ふらん
Grade: 4
Irregular

From French franc.[1][3]

Pronunciation

Noun

法 (katakana フラン, rōmaji furan)

  1. Alternative spelling of フラン

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

法 • (beop) (hangeul 법, revised beop, McCune–Reischauer pŏp, Yale pep)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

法 (pháp, phấp, phép, phăm, phắp)

  1. law
  2. method
  3. France, French
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