凡

See also: 几, 凢, 𠁽, 丸, and 𠔼
凡 U+51E1, 凡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51E1
← 几
[U+51E0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 凢 →
[U+51E2]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

凡 (radical 16, 几+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 竹弓戈 (HNI), four-corner 77210, composition ⿵几丶)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 134, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1739
  • Dae Jaweon: page 299, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 276, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+51E1

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 凡

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 凡
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (凡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嵐 *b·ruːm
葻 *b·uːm
釩 *pʰomʔ
汎 *pʰoms, *bum
凡 *bom
帆 *bom, *boms
颿 *bom, *boms
軓 *bomʔ
梵 *bloms, *bum
芃 *boːŋ, *bum
風 *plum, *plums
飌 *plum
楓 *plum
猦 *plum
偑 *plum
檒 *plum
瘋 *plum
諷 *plums
堸 *blum
渢 *blum
鳳 *bums

Pictogram (象形) – a plate, a flat dish.

Borrowed for abstract meanings. Another character 盤 (OC *baːn) was created to refer to the original word.

Pronunciation

Note: huam6 - “outline, every, altogether, surname”.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 凡
Mandarin Beijing /fan³⁵/
Harbin /fan²⁴/ 下～
/fan⁵³/ ～是
Tianjin /fan⁴⁵/
Jinan /fã⁴²/
Qingdao /fã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /fan⁴²/
Xi'an /fã²⁴/
Xining /fã²⁴/
Yinchuan /fan⁵³/
Lanzhou /fɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /fan⁵¹/
Wuhan /fan²¹³/
Chengdu /fan³¹/
Guiyang /fan²¹/
Kunming /fã̠³¹/
Nanjing /faŋ²⁴/
Hefei /fæ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /fæ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /xuɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /fæ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ve²³/
Suzhou /ve̞¹³/
Hangzhou /vẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /va³¹/
Hui Shexian /fɛ⁴⁴/
Tunxi /fuːə⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /fan¹³/
Xiangtan /ɸan¹²/
Gan Nanchang /fan⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /fan¹¹/
Taoyuan /fɑm¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fan²¹/
Nanning /fan²¹/
Hong Kong /fan²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /huan³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /huaŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /uaiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /huaŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /faŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 凡
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 凡 (146)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 符咸切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bɨɐm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /biɐm/
Shao
Rongfen		 /biɐm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /buam/
Li
Rong		 /biɐm/
Wang
Li		 /bĭwɐm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱi̯wɐm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fán
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 凡
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bjom ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[b]rom/
English in every case

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 凡
Reading # 1/1
No. 2914
Phonetic
component		 凡
Rime
group		 談
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 凡
Old
Chinese		 /*bom/
Notes 鹹手冊據切韻改䒦

Definitions

凡

  1. ordinary; commonplace
  2. worldly; mortal; earthly
  3. outline; gist
  4. (music) the fourth scale degree in the Gongche musical notation
  5. every; all; any
  6. altogether
  7. A surname​.

Antonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

凡

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Definitions

凡

  1. ordinary, common, mediocre

Readings

Korean

Hanja

凡 • (beom)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 범
    • Name (hangeul): 무릇
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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