告

See also: 吿 and 吉

告	U+544A, 告 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-544A

← 呉
[U+5449]

CJK Unified Ideographs

呋 →
[U+544B]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

告 (radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹土口 (HGR), four-corner 2460₁, composition ⿱⺧口)

Derived characters

造

References

KangXi: not present, would follow page 181, character 19

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3381

Dae Jaweon: page 398, character 4

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 589, character 12

Unihan data for U+544A

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (告) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
造	skʰuːɡs, sɡuːʔ
慥	*skʰuːɡs
艁	skʰuːɡs, sɡuːʔ
糙	*skʰuːɡs
告	kuːɡs, kuːɡ
誥	*kuːɡs
郜	kuːɡs, kuːɡ
祰	kʰuːʔ, kuːɡ
靠	*kʰuːɡs
浩	ɡuːʔ, kuːb
晧	*ɡuːʔ
皓	*ɡuːʔ
窖	*kruːɡs
簉	*skʰruɡs
梏	kruːɡ, kuːɡ
硞	kʰruːɡ, kʰuːɡ
牿	*kuːɡ
鵠	kuːɡ, ɡuːɡ
酷	*kʰuːɡ
焅	*kʰuːɡ
嚳	*kʰuːɡ
頶	*ɡuːɡ

Etymology 1

trad.		告/吿
simp.		告

Cognate with Thai กล่าว (glàao, “to say; to declare”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): gào (gao⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄠˋ

(Chengdu, SP): gao⁴
Cantonese (Jyutping): gou³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ko
Min Dong (BUC): gó̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kò / kò͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): gao³ / go³
Wu (Wiktionary): kau (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gào
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄠˋ
  - Wade–Giles: kao⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaw
  - IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: gao⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gao
  - IPA ^(key): /kau²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gou³
  - Yale: gou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: gou³
  - IPA ^(key): /kou̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ko
  - Hakka Romanization System: go
  - Hagfa Pinyim: go⁴
  - IPA: /ko⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gó̤
  - IPA ^(key): /kɔ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò
  - Tâi-lô: kò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ko⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ko²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ko¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò͘
  - Tâi-lô: kòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kox
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gao³ / go³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kàu / kò
  - IPA ^(key): /kau²¹³/, /ko²¹³/

Note: go3 - “to sue”.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: kau (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /kɔ³⁴/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 告
Mandarin	Beijing	/kɑu⁵¹/
	Harbin	/kau⁵³/
	Tianjin	/kɑu⁵³/
	Jinan	/kɔ²¹/
	Qingdao	/kɔ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/kau³¹²/
	Xi'an	/kau⁴⁴/
	Xining	/kɔ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/kɔ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/kɔ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/kɔ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/kau³⁵/
	Chengdu	/kau¹³/
	Guiyang	/kao²¹³/
	Kunming	/kɔ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/kɔo⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/kɔ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kau⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/kɔ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/kɔ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/kɔ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/kæ⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/kɔ⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/kɜ⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/kɔ³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/kə⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/kau⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/kaɯ⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/kɑu⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kau⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/kou³³/
	Nanning	/ku³³/
	Hong Kong	/kou³³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ko²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kɔ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kau³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kau²¹³/ /ko²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/kau³⁵/ /ko³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kɑu^H/▼

Rime
Character	告
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古到切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaw^H/
Li Rong	/kɑu^H/
Wang Li	/kɑu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑu^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gào

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤuk-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*kuːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	告
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gào
Middle Chinese	‹ kaw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kˤuk-s/
English	announce, inform
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	告
Reading #	1/2
No.	3805
Phonetic component	告
Rime group	奧
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	誥
Old Chinese	/*kuːɡs/

Definitions

告

to report to
to tell; to inform
to request
to announce; to declare
to expose; to denounce
to accuse; to sue; to file a lawsuit; to press charges
(Min Dong) to call

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gào, gù (gao⁴, gu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄠˋ, ㄍㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): guk¹, gou³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ko
Min Nan (POJ): kò / kò͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: gào
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄠˋ
  - Wade–Giles: kao⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaw
  - IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, literary variant)⁺
  - Pinyin: gù
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˋ
  - Wade–Giles: ku⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guh
  - IPA ^(key): /ku⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: guk¹, gou³
  - Yale: gūk, gou
  - Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁷, gou³
  - Guangdong Romanization: gug¹, gou³
  - IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚⁵/, /kou̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ko
  - Hakka Romanization System: go
  - Hagfa Pinyim: go⁴
  - IPA: /ko⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò
  - Tâi-lô: kò
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koix
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ko²¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɤ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ko¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kò͘
  - Tâi-lô: kòo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kox
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /kuok̚/▼

Rime
Character	告
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	沃 (6)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古沃切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kuok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kawk̚/
Li Rong	/kok̚/
Wang Li	/kuok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤuk/

(Zhengzhang): /*kuːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	告
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gào
Middle Chinese	‹ kowk ›
Old Chinese	/*kˤuk/
English	announce, inform
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	告
Reading #	2/2
No.	3818
Phonetic component	吿
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	梏
Old Chinese	/*kuːɡ/

Definitions

告

Only used in 忠告 (zhōnggào).

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gào, gù (gao⁴, gu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄠˋ, ㄍㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): guk¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: gào
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄠˋ
  - Wade–Giles: kao⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaw
  - IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan, literary variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: gù
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˋ
  - Wade–Giles: ku⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guh
  - IPA ^(key): /ku⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: guk¹
  - Yale: gūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: gug¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /kuok̚/▼

Rime
Character	告
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	沃 (6)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古沃切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kuok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kawk̚/
Li Rong	/kok̚/
Wang Li	/kuok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kˤuk/

(Zhengzhang): /*kuːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	告
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gào
Middle Chinese	‹ kowk ›
Old Chinese	/*kˤuk/
English	announce, inform
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	告
Reading #	2/2
No.	3818
Phonetic component	吿
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	梏
Old Chinese	/*kuːɡ/

Definitions

告

Only used in 告朔.

Compounds

Derived terms from 告

上告 (shànggào)
上求下告
不告不理
不告而別／不告而别
不告而去
不敢告勞／不敢告劳
乞哀告憐／乞哀告怜
予告
以實相告／以实相告
做廣告／做广告
催告
催告書／催告书
公告 (gōnggào)
公告現值／公告现值
公益廣告／公益广告 (gōngyì guǎnggào)
公示催告
函告
分類廣告／分类广告 (fēnlèi guǎnggào)
勸告／劝告 (quàngào)
原告 (yuángào)
告一段落 (gào yī duànluò)
告么
告人
告便
告借
告假 (gàojià)
告冤
告別／告别 (gàobié)
告別式／告别式 (gàobiéshì)
告劄
告勞／告劳
告口
告喪／告丧
告喪帖／告丧帖
告喻
告坐
告報／告报
告天
告天拜斗
告奮勇／告奋勇
告子
告官
告密 (gàomì)
告密人
告幫／告帮
告廟／告庙
告御狀／告御状
告急 (gàojí)
告急文書／告急文书 (gàojí wénshū)
告慰 (gàowèi)
告成
告戒
告捷 (gàojié)
告擾／告扰
告敕
告朔
告朔餼羊／告朔饩羊
告狀／告状 (gàozhuàng)
告狀本／告状本
告珠玉
告理
告病
告發／告发 (gàofā)
告白 (gàobái)
告知 (gàozhī)
告知義務／告知义务
告示 (gàoshì)
告稟／告禀
告窆
告竣

告竭
告終／告终 (gàozhōng)
告終養／告终养
告絕／告绝
告罄 (gàoqìng)
告罪 (gàozuì)
告老 (gàolǎo)
告老打罷／告老打罢
告老還鄉／告老还乡
告舌
告茶
告解 (gàojiě)
告訐／告讦
告託／告托
告訴／告诉 (gàosu)
告訴乃論／告诉乃论
告語／告语
告誡／告诫 (gàojiè)
告誡書／告诫书
告誦／告诵
告謊假／告谎假
告警
告貸／告贷
告貸無門／告贷无门
告身
告辭／告辞 (gàocí)
告退 (gàotuì)
告送
告陰狀／告阴状
告饒／告饶 (gàoráo)
告饗／告飨
哀告 (āigào)
啟告／启告
回告
地價公告／地价公告
執告／执告
報告／报告 (bàogào)
報告小說／报告小说
報告文學／报告文学 (bàogào wénxué)
報告書／报告书 (bàogàoshū)
大功告成
大工告成
央告 (yānggao)
奉告 (fènggào)
奔走相告
安民告示
官告
宣告 (xuāngào)
宣告死亡
密告 (mìgào)
實驗報告／实验报告
對天祝告／对天祝告
小報告／小报告 (xiǎobàogào)
布告
布告欄／布告栏
布告牌
店面廣告／店面广告
廣告／广告 (guǎnggào)
廣告人／广告人
廣告函件／广告函件
廣告媒體／广告媒体
廣告節目／广告节目
廣告詞／广告词
廣告費／广告费
廣告顏料／广告颜料
忠告 (zhōnggào)
懸車告老／悬车告老
戶告人曉／户告人晓
戶外廣告／户外广告
打小報告／打小报告 (dǎ xiǎobàogào)

打廣告／打广告
投告
抗告 (kànggào)
抱告
拉廣告／拉广告
按鈴申告／按铃申告
排告
掛告／挂告
控告 (kònggào)
放告
放告牌
敷告
文告 (wéngào)
昭告
普告
書面報告／书面报告
東央西告／东央西告
死亡宣告
死告活央
求告 (qiúgào)
求親告友／求亲告友
沒頭告示／没头告示
海事報告／海事报告
無可奉告／无可奉告 (wúkěfènggào)
無告／无告 (wúgào)
無門投告／无门投告
無頭告示／无头告示
熒幕廣告／荧幕广告
牌告利率
申告 (shēngào)
破產宣告／破产宣告
祝告
祭告 (jìgào)
禱告／祷告 (dǎogào)
稟告／禀告 (bǐnggào)
立體廣告／立体广告
網路廣告／网路广告
自告奮勇／自告奋勇 (zìgàofènyǒng)
被告 (bèigào)
見告／见告
親告罪／亲告罪
訃告／讣告 (fùgào)
訐告／讦告
誣告／诬告 (wūgào)
諄諄告戒／谆谆告戒
請告／请告
論告／论告
謁告／谒告
警告 (jǐnggào)
警告啟事／警告启事
警告牌
買上告下／买上告下
買告／买告
賜告／赐告
車廂廣告／车厢广告
車體廣告／车体广告
轉告／转告 (zhuǎngào)
通告 (tōnggào)
遍告
長休告／长休告
陪告
電告／电告
電子廣告／电子广告
面告
頂名代告／顶名代告
預告／预告 (yùgào)
預告片／预告片 (yùgàopiàn)
饗告／飨告
首告
黑驢告狀／黑驴告状

Etymology 2

trad.		告/吿
simp.		告
alt. forms		校較／较

From 校 (MC kˠau^H, “to check; to compare”) (Yang, 2010).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Chengdu, SP): gao⁴

Mandarin
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: gao⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gao
  - IPA ^(key): /kau²¹³/

Definitions

告

(Southwestern Mandarin) to try; to check out
- 卯起錢來卯起錢，卯起錢來告點點 [Sichuanese, trad.]
  卯起钱来卯起钱，卯起钱来告点点 [Sichuanese, simp.]
  From: 1909, 傅崇矩, 《成都通覽·成都之詐騙·擲烏龍》
  (please add an English translation of this example)
- 媽喊快點告鴨兒胃口呢。 [Sichuanese, trad.]
  妈喊快点告鸭儿胃口呢。 [Sichuanese, simp.]
  From: 1982, 《四川文学》, issue 8, page 63
  (please add an English translation of this example)

Japanese

Kanji

告

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

tell, inform
revelation

Readings

Goon: こう (kō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}; こく (koku, Jōyō)
Kan’on: こう (kō)^{←かう (kau, historical)}; こく (koku, Jōyō)
Kun: つげる (tsugeru, 告げる, Jōyō)
Nanori: い (i)

Korean

Hanja

告 • (go, gok) (hangeul 고, 곡, revised go, gok, McCune–Reischauer ko, kok, Yale ko, kok)

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Vietnamese

Han character

告 (cáo, cáu, kiếu)

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