d'

See also: ď and Appendix:Variations of "d"

English

Etymology 1

Contraction of the article da ("the").

Preposition

d'

  1. da; Pronunciation spelling of the, representing dialectal English.

Etymology 2

Reduction.

Verb

d'

  1. Reduced form of do
    D'you wanna go?
  2. Reduced form of did
    D'you eat yet?

Asturian

Etymology

Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).

Preposition

d'

  1. (before a vowel or a h) Apocopic form of de: of, from
    d’Asturies
    of Asturias
    d’hermanu
    of a brother

Catalan

Etymology

Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d-/

Preposition

d'

  1. (before a vowel or an h) Apocopic form of de: of
    Escola d'idiomes
    Languages (idiomes) school (escola).

Dutch

Etymology

Contraction of the article de (“the”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d/

Preposition

d'

  1. (archaic, poetic) Apocopic form of de: the

French

Etymology

Contraction of the preposition de (“of, from”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d‿/

Preposition

d'

  1. (before a vowel or a mute h) Apocopic form of de: of
    un verre d'eau
    a glass of water

Further reading

Irish

Alternative forms

  • (your): t’ (Cois Fharraige)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [d̪ˠ] (before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu)
  • IPA(key): [dʲ] (before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi)

Etymology 1

Prevocalic apocope of do.

Particle

d’

  1. (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of do: Marker of the past tense.
    d’ól sé ― he drank
    d’fhág sé ― he waited

Preposition

d’ (plus dative, triggers lenition)

  1. (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of do: to, for
    d’athair Sheáin
    to Seán’s father, for Seán’s father

Determiner

d’

  1. (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of do: your (singular)
    d’athair
    your father
See also

Usage notes

  • Used only before vowel sounds, including when f has been lenited to fh before a vowel. The variant form used before consonants, do, is generally omitted but may be encountered in Munster Irish and in literary language.

Etymology 2

Prevocalic apocopic form of de.

Preposition

d’ (plus dative, triggers lenition)

  1. (before vowel sounds) Apocopic form of de: from, of
    d’athair Sheáin
    from Seán’s father, of Seán’s father

Italian

Etymology

Contraction of the preposition di (“of, from”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d‿/

Preposition

d’ (apocopate)

  1. (sometimes before a vowel or an h) Apocopic form of di: of
    Follia d'amore ― Madness of love.
    Un bicchiere d'acqua. ― A glass of water.

Usage notes

In some rare cases d' represents the preposition da:

d'ora in poi (“from now on”)
= da ora in poi
d'ora in avanti (“from now on”)
= da ora in avanti

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d/ (before vowels and voiced consonants)
  • IPA(key): /t/ (before voiceless consonants)
  • IPA(key): /-/ (sometimes; see usage notes below)

Determiner

d' f, n

  1. unstressed form of déi
  2. unstressed form of dat

Usage notes

  • This article form is commonly not pronounced between /t/ and another consonant, and occasionally otherwise when the combination of preceding and following consonants creates an impossible cluster. Only rarely is this muteness avoided by using the full form of the article. Rather, the lack of an indefinite article becomes a definite article by default. Occasional ambiguities, particularly in the plural, are tolerated.

Declension

Luxembourgish definite articles
masculine feminine neuter plural
nom./acc. deen (den) déi (d') dat (d') déi (d')
dative deem (dem) där (der) deem (dem) deen (den)

Middle French

Preposition

d'

  1. elided form of de

Usage notes

  • Earlier manuscripts omit the apostrophe
  • despaigne ― of Spain

Norman

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old French de, from Latin dē.

Preposition

d'

  1. of
  2. from

Old French

Preposition

d'

  1. elided form of de

Usage notes

  • Unlike in modern French, de is not always elided to d' before a vowel or a mute h. It is optional.
  • The apostrophe is not used in the original manuscripts, but is added by scholars for clarity.
    despaigne ― of Spain

Old Occitan

Preposition

d'

  1. elided form of de

Portuguese

Preposition

d’

  1. (used before words beginning in a vowel, archaic except in fixed expressions) Alternative form of de

Derived terms

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

Contraction of the pronoun do (“your”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /d̊/, /d̊ʲ/

Pronoun

d'

  1. (before a vowel or fh followed by a vowel) Apocopic form of do: your (informal singular)
    A bheil fios aig d’ athair?
    Does your father know?
    Seo d’ fhaclair.
    Here’s your dictionary.
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