膜

膜	U+819C, 膜 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-819C

← 膛
[U+819B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

膝 →
[U+819D]

Translingual

Han character

膜 (radical 130 肉+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 月廿日大 (BTAK), four-corner 7423₄, composition ⿰月莫)

Related characters

募墓幕慕

References

KangXi: page 993, character 1

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29808

Dae Jaweon: page 1444, character 28

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2100, character 13

Unihan data for U+819C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		膜

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 膜
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (莫) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
蟆	*mraː
鬕	*mraːɡs
饃	*maːl
模	*maː
摸	maː, maːɡ
嫫	*maː
謨	*maː
膜	maː, maːɡ
摹	*maː
暮	*maːɡs
慕	*maːɡs
募	*maːɡs
墓	*maːɡs
慔	*maːɡs
莫	*maːɡ
寞	*maːɡ
漠	*maːɡ
幕	*maːɡ
鏌	*maːɡ
瘼	*maːɡ
鄚	*maːɡ
瞙	*maːɡ
嗼	maːɡ, mraːɡ
塻	*maːɡ
貘	*mraːɡ
驀	*mraːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *maː, *maːɡ) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 莫 (OC *maːɡ).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mó, mò

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ, ㄇㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mok⁶
Min Nan (POJ): bo̍k / mo̍͘h / bo̍h / mo͘h

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: mó
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ
  - Wade–Giles: mo²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mo
  - IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: mò
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˋ
  - Wade–Giles: mo⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: moh
  - IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: mok⁶
  - Yale: mohk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mok⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: mog⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /mɔːk̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: bo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mo̍͘h
  - Tâi-lô: mo̍oh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: moh
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃ʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃ʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /mɔ̃ʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍h
  - Tâi-lô: bo̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boih
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /boʔ¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /boʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /boʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mo͘h
  - Tâi-lô: mooh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: moq
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃ʔ³²/

Note:

bo̍k - literary;
mo̍͘h/bo̍h/mo͘h - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: /mɑk̚/▼

Rime
Character	膜
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	慕各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/mɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/mɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mak̚/
Li Rong	/mɑk̚/
Wang Li	/mɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/mɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mò

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*maːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膜
Reading #	2/2
No.	9253
Phonetic component	莫
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	莫
Old Chinese	/*maːɡ/

Definitions

膜

membrane; film

細胞膜 / 细胞膜 ― xìbāomó ― cell membrane

保鮮膜 / 保鲜膜 ― bǎoxiānmó ― plastic wrap

鍍鋁膜 / 镀铝膜 ― dùlǚmó ― aluminum-coated polyester film
(physics) brane
small gap
to placate
Alternative form of 漠 (mò).

Compounds

Derived terms from 膜

保鮮膜／保鲜膜 (bǎoxiānmó)
側膜胎座／侧膜胎座
內膜／内膜 (nèimó)
包膜
口腔黏膜
外膜
孢膜
心內膜／心内膜
心內膜炎／心内膜炎
心外膜
心瓣膜
核膜 (hémó)
橫膈膜／横膈膜 (hénggémó)
液泡膜
漿膜／浆膜 (jiāngmó)
瓣膜 (bànmó)
皮膜組織／皮膜组织
皮裡膜外／皮里膜外
眼角膜 (yǎnjiǎomó)
硬腦膜／硬脑膜
笛膜
筋膜炎
細胞膜／细胞膜 (xìbāomó)
結膜／结膜 (jiémó)

結膜炎／结膜炎 (jiémóyán)
網膜／网膜 (wǎngmó)
網膜剝離／网膜剥离
羊膜 (yángmó)
羊膜穿刺 (yángmó chuāncì)
羊膜類／羊膜类
耳膜 (ěrmó)
肋膜
肋膜炎
肌膜
肺膜
胎膜 (tāimó)
胸膜 (xiōngmó)
胸膜炎 (xiōngmóyán)
脈絡膜／脉络膜 (màiluòmó)
腦膜／脑膜 (nǎomó)
腦膜炎／脑膜炎 (nǎomóyán)
腸繫膜／肠系膜
腹膜 (fùmó)
腹膜炎 (fùmóyán)
膈膜 (gémó)
膜外
膜外概置

膜孔
膜翅類／膜翅类
膜鳴樂器／膜鸣乐器
薄膜 (bómó)
處女膜／处女膜 (chǔnǚmó)
虹彩膜
虹膜 (hóngmó)
蠟膜／蜡膜
視網膜／视网膜 (shìwǎngmó)
角膜 (jiǎomó)
角膜炎 (jiǎomóyán)
豬心瓣膜／猪心瓣膜
透性膜
隔膜 (gémó)
鞏膜／巩膜 (gǒngmó)
頰黏膜／颊黏膜
骨膜
骨膜炎
髓膜炎
黏膜 (niánmó)
鼓膜 (gǔmó)
鼓膜炎
鼻黏膜

Etymology 2

Clipping of of 南膜 (MC nʌm muo), which is from Sanskrit नमस् (namas, “bow; obeisance; salutation”). Compare 南無.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mó (mo²)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: mó
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ
  - Wade–Giles: mo²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mo
  - IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: mou⁴
  - Yale: mòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: mou⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /mou̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: /muo/▼

Rime
Character	膜
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	莫胡切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muo/
Pan Wuyun	/muo/
Shao Rongfen	/mo/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mɔ/
Li Rong	/mo/
Wang Li	/mu/
Bernard Karlgren	/muo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mú

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*maː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膜
Reading #	1/2
No.	9245
Phonetic component	莫
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	模
Old Chinese	/*maː/

Definitions

膜

Short for 膜拜 (móbài, “to prostrate oneself in worship”).

Compounds

Derived terms from 膜

膜蛤 (móhá)

頂禮膜拜／顶礼膜拜

Japanese

Kanji

膜

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

membrane; film

Readings

Goon: まく (maku, Jōyō); も (mo)
Kan’on: ばく (baku); ぼ (bo)
Kun: うすかわ (usukawa)

Compounds

葡萄膜 (ぶどうまく) (budōmaku): uvea

Korean

Hanja

膜 • (mak, mo) (hangeul 막, 모, revised mak, mo, McCune–Reischauer mak, mo, Yale mak, mo)

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Vietnamese

Han character

膜 (màng, mô)

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