凝脂
Chinese
| congeal; concentrate attention | fat | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (凝脂) |
凝 | 脂 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄓ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ningjy
- IPA (key): /niŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jing4 zi1
- Yale: yìhng jī
- Cantonese Pinyin: jing4 dzi1
- Guangdong Romanization: ying4 ji1
- IPA (key): /jɪŋ²¹ t͡siː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 凝 | 脂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 疑 (31) | 章 (23) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) | 脂 (15) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 魚陵切 | 旨夷切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ŋɨŋ/ | /t͡ɕiɪ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ŋɨŋ/ | /t͡ɕi/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ŋieŋ/ | /t͡ɕjɪ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ŋiŋ/ | /ci/ |
| Li Rong |
/ŋiəŋ/ | /t͡ɕi/ |
| Wang Li |
/ŋĭəŋ/ | /t͡ɕi/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ŋi̯əŋ/ | /t͡ɕi/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yíng | zhī |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 凝 | 脂 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
níng | zhī |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ nging › | ‹ tsyij › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[ŋ](r)əŋ/ (< uvular?) | /*kij/ |
| English | freeze, coagulate | fat, grease |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 凝 | 脂 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 14902 | 17322 |
| Phonetic component |
疑 | 旨 |
| Rime group |
蒸 | 脂 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
凝 | 脂 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ŋrɯŋ/ | /*kji/ |
Noun
凝脂
- (literary) congealed fat
- 手如柔荑。膚如凝脂。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
手如柔荑。肤如凝脂。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Shǒu rú róutí. Fū rú níngzhī. [Pinyin]
- Her fingers were like the blades of the young white-grass;
Her skin was like congealed ointment;
-
- (literary, figuratively) white and smooth skin or implement surface
- 溫泉水滑洗凝脂 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
温泉水滑洗凝脂 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: 806 CE, Bai Juyi, Song of Everlasting Regret
- wēnquán shuǐ huá xǐ níngzhī [Pinyin]
- The waters of the hot springs were smooth, and washed over her pale white skin.
-
Derived terms
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