祭

祭	U+796D, 祭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-796D

← 祬
[U+796C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

祮 →
[U+796E]

Translingual

Alternative forms

In Japanese handwriting, the diagonals of the upper right component cross: the short upper-right to lower-left stroke crosses the long upper-left to lower-right stroke, rather than abutting there.

Han character

祭 (radical 113 示+6, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月人一一火 (BOMMF), four-corner 2790₁)

Derived characters

傺㡜際 (际) 摖漈憏暩磜穄縩鰶蔡察瘵

References

KangXi: page 843, character 7

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24700

Dae Jaweon: page 1263, character 8

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2397, character 7

Unihan data for U+796D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		祭
alt. forms		𥙊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 祭
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (祭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
蔡	*sʰlaːds
瘵	*ʔsreːds
祭	ʔsreːds, ʔsleds
際	*ʔsleds
穄	*ʔsleds
鰶	*ʔsleds
傺	*hr'eds
摖	*sʰleːds
擦	*sʰlaːd
攃	sʰlaːd, saːd
礤	*sʰlaːd
察	*sʰreːd
詧	sʰreːd, sʰeːd

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : ⺼ (“meat”) + 又 (“hand”) + 示 (“altar, ceremony”) – the hand offers a piece of meat at the altar during a ceremony.

The top is not related to but may be corrupted to 癶 in calligraphy and handwriting. The left part is ⺼ twisted to the left (compare 將, 然). The right part is a form of 又.

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jì (ji⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zai³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chi
Min Bei (KCR): ci̿
Min Dong (BUC): cié
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chè

(Teochew, Peng'im): zi³
Wu (Wiktionary): ji (T2)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: jì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chih⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zai³
  - Yale: jai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zei³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯³³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chi
  - Hakka Romanization System: ji
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ji⁴
  - IPA: /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ci̿
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cié
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siɛ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè
  - Tâi-lô: tsè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zex
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡se²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zi³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsì
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: ji (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi³⁴/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 祭
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕi⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕi⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕi⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕi²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡si⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡si³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴/
	Xining	/t͡ɕji²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕi¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕi²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕi²¹²/
	Nanjing	/t͡si⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡sz̩⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕi³⁵/ /t͡sei³⁵/ ～先人
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡ɕi³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡si⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕi⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡sei⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡si³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡se⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡si⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡si⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰi⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡si⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡si⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sɐi³³/
	Nanning	/t͡sɐi³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sɐi³³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡se²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡si²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡si³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡si²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/t͡si³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡siᴇi^H/▼

Rime
Character	祭
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	子例切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siᴇi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɛi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡siaj^H/
Li Rong	/t͡siɛi^H/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭɛi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ɛi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jì

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]et-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsleds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	祭
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jì
Middle Chinese	‹ tsjej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]et-s/
English	sacrifice
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	祭
Reading #	2/2
No.	5839
Phonetic component	祭
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	祭
Old Chinese	/*ʔsleds/

Definitions

祭

to make offerings to; to sacrifice to; to worship
a ceremony where one offers sacrifices to one's ancestors

Compounds

Derived terms from 祭

丁祭
丁祭肉
上祭
主祭 (zhǔjì)
公祭 (gōngjì)
別宮祭江／别宫祭江
喪祭／丧祭
墓祭
大祭
大祭司
家祭
巷祭
弔祭／吊祭
打牙祭
打祭
打祭銀／打祭银
打耳祭
拜祭
旱祭
春祭 (chūnjì)
望祭
牙祭 (yájì)
獺祭／獭祭
獺祭魚／獭祭鱼
獻祭／献祭
瓜祭
生芻致祭／生刍致祭
矮靈祭／矮灵祭
祭丁

祭主
祭五臟廟／祭五脏庙
祭亡如在
祭享
祭儀／祭仪
祭典 (jìdiǎn)
祭司 (jìsī)
祭告 (jìgào)
祭品 (jìpǐn)
祭器
祭塔
祭墳／祭坟
祭壇／祭坛 (jìtán)
祭天 (jìtiān)
祭奠 (jìdiàn)
祭妹文
祭孔 (jìkǒng)
祭尸
祭弔／祭吊
祭弔文／祭吊文
祭悼
祭拜 (jìbài)
祭掃／祭扫
祭文 (jìwén)
祭旗
祭月
祭服
祭東施娘／祭东施娘
祭桌

祭灶
祭灶神
祭物 (jìwù)
祭獻／祭献 (jìxiàn)
祭王爺／祭王爷
祭祀 (jìsì)
祭祖 (jìzǔ)
祭禮／祭礼 (jìlǐ)
祭禱／祭祷
祭酌
祭酒 (jìjiǔ)
籩祭／笾祭
練祭／练祭
臘祭／腊祭
致祭 (zhìjì)
薦新祭／荐新祭
虞祭
蜡祭
血祭
豐年祭／丰年祭 (fēngniánjì)
路祭
遙祭／遥祭
郊祭
野祭
野祭巷哭
陪祭
雩祭
雪祭

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Zhài (Zhai⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zaai³
Min Dong (BUC): Cái
Min Nan (Teochew, Peng'im): zê³ / zi³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: Zhài
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄞˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chai⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Jay
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zaai³
  - Yale: jaai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzaai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: zai³
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑːi̯³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Cái
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑi²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zê³ / zi³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsè / tsì
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡se²¹³/, /t͡si²¹³/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃˠɛi^H/▼

Rime
Character	祭
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	皆 (33)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	側界切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃˠɛi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂᵚæi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃɐi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂəɨj^H/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃɛi^H/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃɐi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂăi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhài

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts](ˤ)re[t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsreːds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	祭
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhài
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrɛj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts](ˤ)re[t]-s/
English	(name of a state)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	祭
Reading #	1/2
No.	5838
Phonetic component	祭
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	瘵
Old Chinese	/*ʔsreːds/

Definitions

祭

(～國) Zhai (a state during the Spring and Autumn period)
A surname.

Compounds

祭遵布被

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典)
(Min Nan) “Entry #7709”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

Japanese

Kanji

祭

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

festival

Readings

Goon: さい (sai, Jōyō)
Kan’on: せい (sei)
Kun: まつる (matsuru, 祭る, Jōyō); まつり (matsuri, 祭り, Jōyō)

Derived terms

祭 (まつ)り (matsuri)

Korean

Hanja

祭 • (je, chae) (hangeul 제, 채, revised je, chae, McCune–Reischauer che, ch'ae, Yale cey, chay)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

祭 (tế, sái)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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