國

See also: 国
國 U+570B, 國
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-570B
← 圊
[U+570A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 圌 →
[U+570C]

Translingual

Stroke order
Taiwanese
stroke order

Alternative forms

  • 囗 (This character is used unofficially as a shorthand for 國 and 圍.)
  • 𡆸 (Also a variant of 日.)
  • 𡆻, 𡇎, 𡇏, 𡇕, 𡈑, 𢦾, 𢧌, 𤦒, 𤦂

Han character

國 (radical 31, 囗+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田戈口一 (WIRM), four-corner 60153, composition ⿴囗或)

References

  • KangXi: page 219, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4798
  • Dae Jaweon: page 447, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 720, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+570B

Chinese

trad. 國
simp. 国
alt. forms
 
囯
圀
囶
𡆿
囻
𡇅
䆐

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 國
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (或) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
幗 *kʷɯːɡs, *kʷrɯːɡ
慖 *kʷɯːɡs, *kʷrɯːɡ
簂 *kʷɯːɡs
蔮 *kʷɯːɡs
國 *kʷɯːɡ
或 *ɡʷɯːɡ
惑 *ɡʷɯːɡ
蜮 *ɡʷɯːɡ, *ɢʷrɯɡ
閾 *qʰʷrɯɡ
緎 *qʰʷrɯɡ, *ɡʷrɯɡ
淢 *qʰʷrɯɡ, *ɡʷrɯɡ
域 *ɢʷrɯɡ
罭 *ɢʷrɯɡ
棫 *ɡʷrɯɡ
琙 *ɡʷrɯɡ
魊 *ɡʷrɯɡ
馘 *kʷrɯːɡ
聝 *kʷrɯːɡ
膕 *kʷrɯːɡ
摑 *kʷrɯːɡ
漍 *kʷrɯːɡ
嘓 *kʷrɯːɡ
蟈 *kʷrɯːɡ
掝 *qʰʷrɯːɡ
彧 *qʷrɯɡ
稶 *qʷɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʷɯːɡ) : semantic 囗 (“closure”) + phonetic 或 (OC *ɡʷɯːɡ).

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 國
Mandarin Beijing /kuo³⁵/
Harbin /kuo²¹³/
Tianjin /kuo⁴⁵/
Jinan /kuə⁵⁵/
Qingdao /kuə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kuo²⁴/
/kuɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /kuei²¹/
Xining /kuɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuə¹³/
Lanzhou /kuə¹³/
Ürümqi /kuɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /kuɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /kue³¹/
Guiyang /kuɛ²¹/
Kunming /ko³¹/
Nanjing /kueʔ⁵/
Hefei /kuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kuəʔ²/
Pingyao /kuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kuaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /koʔ⁵/
Suzhou /kuəʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /koʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /kai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kuʔ²¹/
Tunxi /kuə⁵/
Xiang Changsha /kuə²⁴/
Xiangtan /ko²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kuɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kuet̚¹/
Taoyuan /kuet̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwɔk̚³/
Nanning /kɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /kwɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kɔk̚³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ko²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kok̚²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kok̚⁵/
Rime
Character 國
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 德 (132)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古或切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kwək̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷək̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwək̚/
Li
Rong		 /kuək̚/
Wang
Li		 /kuək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kwək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 國
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 guó
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kwok ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[C.q]ʷˤək/
English state (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 國
Reading # 1/1
No. 5547
Phonetic
component		 或
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 國
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷɯːɡ/

Definitions

國

  1. country; nation; nation-state (Classifier: 個／个)
    國家 / 国家  ―  guójiā  ―  country
  2. Short for 國語／国语 (guóyǔ, “Mandarin”).
  3. Short for 國民黨／国民党 (Guómíndǎng, “Kuomintang”).
  4. A surname​.

Compounds

Descendants

  • → Bouyei: guef
  • → Zhuang: guek

Japanese

Shinjitai

 国

Kyūjitai

 國

Kanji

國

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 国)

  1. country

Readings

Noun

國 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 国, hiragana くに, rōmaji kuni)

  1. a land, a country

Korean

A variant of "國" commonly found in old books of pre-modern Korea.

Hanja

國 (eumhun 나라 국 (nara guk))

  1. country, state, nation, land

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

國 (quốc, cuốc)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.