昴

昴 U+6634, 昴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6634
← 昳
[U+6633] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 昵 →
[U+6635]

Translingual

Han character

昴 (radical 72, 日+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 日竹竹中 (AHHL), four-corner 60727, composition ⿱日卯)

References

  • KangXi: page 494, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13865
  • Dae Jaweon: page 858, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1503, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6634

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 昴

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (卯) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
卯 *mruːʔ
昴 *mruːʔ
泖 *mruːʔ
茆 *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ
奅 *m̥ʰruːs
窌 *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus
聊 *m·rɯːw
貿 *mlus
鄮 *mlus
劉 *m·ru
留 *m·ru, *m·rus
蒥 *m·ru
鶹 *m·ru
騮 *m·ru
榴 *m·ru
瑠 *ru
瘤 *m·ru, *m·rus
遛 *m·ru
鎦 *m·ru
飀 *m·ru
鰡 *m·ru
嵧 *m·ru
餾 *m·ru, *m·rus
瀏 *m·ru, *m·ruʔ
懰 *m·ru, *m·ruʔ
柳 *m·ruʔ
珋 *m·ruʔ
罶 *m·ruʔ
嬼 *m·ruʔ, *m·rus
溜 *m·rus
霤 *m·rus
廇 *m·rus
塯 *m·rus

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 昴
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 莫飽切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /mˠauX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /mᵚauX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /mauX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /maɨwX/
Li
Rong		 /mauX/
Wang
Li		 /mauX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /mauX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 mǎo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 昴
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 mǎo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ mæwX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*mˤruʔ/
English the Pleiades

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 昴
Reading # 1/1
No. 8872
Phonetic
component		 卯
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 卯
Old
Chinese		 /*mruːʔ/

Definitions

昴

  1. the Pleiades (star cluster)

Compounds

  • 昴降

Japanese

Kanji

昴

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. the Pleiades (star cluster)

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
昴
すばる
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Likely from Old Japanese, use of kanji in Japanese texts first appears in the Tangō-no-kuni Fudoki (c. mid-8th century), phonetic spelling first attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).

By extension from 統ばる (subaru, “to bunch together; to unite”, intransitive), due to the way the stars in the constellation all cluster together.[1][2]. Compare 統べる (suberu, “to command”, transitive).

Pronunciation

Proper noun

昴 (hiragana すばる, rōmaji Subaru)

  1. the Pleiades star cluster, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions
    Synonyms: プレアデス星団 (Pureadesu-seidan), 昴宿 (Bō-shuku), 昴星 (Subaruboshi, Bōsei), 六連星 (Mutsuraboshi)
  2. a female given name.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
昴
すまる
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Likely from Old Japanese.

Possibly an allusion from [script needed] (sumaru no tama, literally “cluster of pearls”) referenced multiple times in the Kojiki (712 CE); probably the original form of Subaru above. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) Compare the development of 皇 (sume-/sumera- → sube-/subera-, prefix of praise and respect to Shinto deities or an Emperor of Japan)

Proper noun

昴 (hiragana すまる, rōmaji Sumaru)

  1. (regional) the Pleiades star cluster, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions
  2. a male given name.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
昴
ぼう
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

/bau/ → /bɔː/ → /boː/

From Middle Chinese 昴 (MC mˠauX).

Pronunciation

Proper noun

昴 (hiragana ぼう, rōmaji Bō, historical hiragana ばう)

  1. (Chinese astronomy) the Hairy Head constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, corresponds to the Pleiades in English
    Synonyms: 昴宿 (Bō-shuku), 昴星 (Bōsei)

Etymology 4

Various nanori readings.

Proper noun

昴 (hiragana たかし, rōmaji Takashi)

  1. a male given name.

昴 (hiragana のぼる, rōmaji Noboru)

  1. a male given name.

References

  1. ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

昴 • (myo) (hangeul 묘, McCune–Reischauer myo, Yale myo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

昴 (mão, máu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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