您

您 U+60A8, 您
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60A8
← 悧
[U+60A7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 悩 →
[U+60A9]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

您 (radical 61, 心+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人火心 (OFP), four-corner 27339, composition ⿱你心)

References

  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 388, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10712
  • Dae Jaweon: page 721, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2301, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+60A8

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 您
alt. forms 恁
𠑓

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 你 (“you”) + 心 (“heart”).

Etymology

This character was not listed in Sui/Tang rhyme books. First attested in Jin/Yuan-era novels, when it was also written as 恁 (MC ȵiɪm, ȵiɪmX), and occurred predominantly in attributive environments, forming complementary distribution with 你 (nǐ) in other cases. Originally, 您 was a pronoun for both 2nd sg. and 2nd pl., and 你每 (nǐměi) (> 你們／你们 (nǐmen)) was an equilibrating disyllabic version of 您, which retains the -m syllable coda of 您 disappearing in Mandarin. Later, in the Beijing dialect, -們／们 (men) was restricted to purely a plural suffix, and 您 restricted to purely a 2nd sg. honorific pronoun, although the 2nd pl. hon. 您們／您们 (nínmen) is still considered ungrammatical by some speakers. The plural sense of 您 is retained in the Tianjin dialect:

您了先聊，我到外頭溜達溜達。 [Tianjin Mandarin, trad.]
您了先聊，我到外头溜达溜达。 [Tianjin Mandarin, simp.]
Nín le xiān liáo, wǒ dào wàitóu liūda liūda. [Pinyin]
Please continue your conversation. I'll just be having a walk outside.

[1][2]

Pronunciation

Definitions

您

  1. (polite) you
  2. (dialectal) you (plural)

Synonyms

Compounds

  • 您哪
  • 您納／您纳
  • 您老

See also

Standard Chinese personal pronouns
Person Singular Plural
1st — 我 (wǒ) 我們／我们 (wǒmen)
inclusive 咱們／咱们 (zánmen)
2nd male/indefinite 你 (nǐ) 你們／你们 (nǐmen)
female 妳／你 (nǐ) 妳們／你们 (nǐmen)
deity 祢 (nǐ) 祢們／祢们 (nǐmen)
polite 您 你們／你们 (nǐmen)
您們／您们 (nínmen)
3rd male/indefinite 他 (tā) 他們／他们 (tāmen)
female 她 (tā) 她們／她们 (tāmen)
deity 祂 (tā) 祂們／祂们 (tāmen)
animal 牠／它 (tā) 牠們／它们 (tāmen)
inanimate 它 (tā) 它們／它们 (tāmen)

References

  1. ↑ 吕叔湘 (Lü Shuxiang)，《释您，俺，咱，喒，附论们字》，in 《吕叔湘全集》第二卷 汉语语法论文集。
  2. ↑ 张俊阁，《近代汉语第二人称代词“您（恁）”的来源》，聊城大学学报（社会科学版），2010年第1期。

Japanese

Kanji

您

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. You

Readings

Vietnamese

Han character

您 (nâm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.