如

如 U+5982, 如
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5982
← 妁
[U+5981] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 妃 →
[U+5983]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

如 (radical 38, 女+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 女口 (VR), four-corner 46400, composition ⿰女口)

Derived characters

References

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 如

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 如
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (女) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
拿 *rnaː
拏 *rnaː
詉 *rnaː
蒘 *rnaː, *na
笯 *rnaː, *naː, *naːs
挐 *rnaː, *na
絮 *rnaːs, *nas, *snas, *nas
呶 *rnaːw
怓 *rnaːw
帑 *n̥ʰaːŋʔ, *naː
奴 *naː
砮 *naː, *naːʔ
駑 *naː
孥 *naː
努 *naːʔ
弩 *naːʔ
怒 *naːʔ, *naːs
袽 *na
帤 *na
女 *naʔ, *nas
籹 *naʔ
恕 *hnjas
如 *nja, *njas
茹 *nja, *njaʔ, *njas
洳 *nja, *njas
鴽 *nja
蕠 *nja
汝 *njaʔ
肗 *njaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *nja, *njas) : phonetic 女 (OC *naʔ, *nas, “woman”) + semantic 口 (“mouth”). Also interpreted as ideogrammic compound (會意) : a woman obeying an order.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 如
Mandarin Beijing /ʐu³⁵/
Harbin /lu²⁴/
/ʐu²⁴/
Tianjin /iu⁴⁵/
/ʐu⁴⁵/
Jinan /lu⁴²/
Qingdao /y⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʐu⁴²/
Xi'an /vu²⁴/
Xining /v̩²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʐu⁵³/
Lanzhou /vu¹³/
Ürümqi /ʐu²¹³/
/vu²¹³/
Wuhan /y²¹³/
Chengdu /zu³¹/
Guiyang /zu²¹/
Kunming /ʐu³¹/
Nanjing /ʐu²⁴/
Hefei /ʐu⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /zu¹¹/
Pingyao /zz̩ʷ¹³/
Hohhot /ʐu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
Suzhou /zz̩ʷ¹³/
Hangzhou /zz̩ʷ²¹³/
Wenzhou /zz̩³¹/
Hui Shexian /y⁴⁴/
Tunxi /y⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /y¹³/
Xiangtan /y¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɵ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /i¹¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /jy²¹/
Nanning /y²¹/
Hong Kong /jy²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /lu³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /y⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /y²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /zu⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /zu³¹/
/zi³¹/
Rime
Character 如 如
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 日 (38) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 魚 (22) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 人諸切 人恕切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ȵɨʌ/ /ȵɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ȵiɔ/ /ȵiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ȵʑiɔ/ /ȵʑiɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ȵɨə̆/ /ȵɨə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /ȵiɔ/ /ȵiɔH/
Wang
Li		 /ȵʑĭo/ /ȵʑĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ȵʑi̯wo/ /ȵʑi̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 rú rù
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 如 如
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 rú rú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ nyo › ‹ nyo ›
Old
Chinese		 /*na/ /*na/
English go to as, like, if

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 如 如
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 9623 9631
Phonetic
component		 女 女
Rime
group		 魚 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 如 洳
Old
Chinese		 /*nja/ /*njas/

Definitions

如

  1. if; supposing
  2. as if; as though
  3. like; as
  4. such as; for example
  5. (usually with 不) as good as
  6. (Classical Chinese, dialectal) go to

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

如

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. to seem

Readings

Korean

Hanja

如 • (yeo)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 여 (revised: yeo, McCune–Reischauer: yŏ)
    • Name (hangeul): 같을
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

如 (như, nhơ, dừ, nhừ, rừ, nhượng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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