供

供 U+4F9B, 供
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F9B
← 侚
[U+4F9A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 侜 →
[U+4F9C]

Translingual

Han character

供 (radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人廿金 (OTC), four-corner 24281, composition ⿰亻共)

Derived characters

  • 䣏, 𥯏, 𧨻

References

  • KangXi: page 102, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 605
  • Dae Jaweon: page 216, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 144, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+4F9B

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 供

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 供
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Small seal script

s05738

Transcribed ancient scripts

L00855

L00856

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (共) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
港 *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs
巷 *ɡroːŋs
衖 *ɡroːŋs
鬨 *ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs
烘 *qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs
洪 *ɡloːŋ
鉷 *ɡloːŋ
谼 *ɡloːŋ
葓 *ɡoːŋ
哄 *ɡloːŋs
蕻 *ɡloːŋs
恭 *kloŋ
供 *kloŋ, *kloŋs
龔 *kloŋ
珙 *kloŋ, *kloŋʔ
共 *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs
髸 *kloŋ
拱 *kloŋʔ
拲 *kloŋʔ, *kloɡ
蛬 *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
栱 *kloŋʔ
輁 *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
舼 *ɡloŋ
輂 *kloɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kloŋ, *kloŋs) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • keng - vernacular;
  • kiong - literary.
Rime
Character 供
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 九容切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kuawŋ/
Li
Rong		 /kioŋ/
Wang
Li		 /kĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiōng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 供
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 gōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjowng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*k<r>oŋ/
English furnish; serve, offer

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 供
Reading # 1/2
No. 4167
Phonetic
component		 共
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 恭
Old
Chinese		 /*kloŋ/

Definitions

供

  1. to supply; to provide for
  2. to provide certain convenience or support
  3. A surname​.

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Note:
  • gōng - Taiwan standard for “to confess; confession”, and Mainland standard for “to look after”. In actual usage, however, the two pronunciations are often confused.
Note:
  • kiòng - literary;
  • kèng - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: jion (T2); kon (T2)
      • IPA (key): /t͡ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁴/, /kʊŋ³⁴/
Note:
  • 2jion - vernacular;
  • 2kon - literary.
Rime
Character 供
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居用切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨoŋH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kioŋH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kioŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kuawŋH/
Li
Rong		 /kioŋH/
Wang
Li		 /kĭwoŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯woŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiòng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 供
Reading # 2/2
No. 4178
Phonetic
component		 共
Rime
group		 東
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 供
Old
Chinese		 /*kloŋs/

Definitions

供

  1. to present incense or offerings before the image of a god or the deceased; to enshrine and worship
  2. offering; tribute; sacrifice
  3. to assume office
  4. to confess; to own up; to make a confession of
  5. confession; admission; owning up
  6. to look after (one's parents or children etc.); to support

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

供

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Kanji in this term
供
とも
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Noun

供 (hiragana とも, rōmaji tomo)

  1. attendant, servant
  2. companion
  3. entourage

Derived terms

Korean

Hanja

供 • (gong) (hangeul 공, McCune–Reischauer kong)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

供 (cung, cúng, củng, cũng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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