仕

仕	U+4ED5, 仕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4ED5

← 仔
[U+4ED4]

CJK Unified Ideographs

他 →
[U+4ED6]

Translingual

Han character

仕 (radical 9 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人土 (OG), four-corner 2421₀, composition ⿰亻士)

References

KangXi: page 92, character 7

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 368

Dae Jaweon: page 195, character 10

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 112, character 3

Unihan data for U+4ED5

Chinese

simp. and trad.		仕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 仕

**Bronze inscriptions**
b12243

**Small seal script**
s05662

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L34132	L34133

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (士) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
茌	*zrɯ
士	*zrɯʔ
仕	*zrɯʔ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): si⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: shì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
  - IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: si⁶
  - Yale: sih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /siː²²/

Middle Chinese: /d͡ʒɨ^X/▼

Rime
Character	仕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	崇 (20)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	鉏里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʒɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʒie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖ͡ʐɨ^X/
Li Rong	/d͡ʒiə^X/
Wang Li	/d͡ʒĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɖ͡ʐʱi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-s-]rəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*zrɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	仕
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzri^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[m-s-]rəʔ/
English	serve
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	仕
Reading #	1/1
No.	11512
Phonetic component	士
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	士
Old Chinese	/*zrɯʔ/

Definitions

仕

scholar; official; guardian
to serve in the government
(Chinese chess) adviser; guard; minister (on the red side)
A surname.

Coordinate terms

(Chinese chess pieces) 帥/將, 仕/士, 相/象, 俥/車, 傌/馬, 炮/砲, 兵/卒

Compounds

不仕
仕女 (shìnǚ)
仕宦
仕版
仕紳／仕绅
仕譯／仕译
仕途 (shìtú)

仕進／仕进
出仕 (chūshì)
學優而仕／学优而仕 (xuéyōu'érshì)
將仕郎／将仕郎
干仕
強仕／强仕

懸車致仕／悬车致仕
求仕 (qiúshì)
筮仕 (shìshì)
膴仕
致仕
貴仕／贵仕

Japanese

Kanji

仕

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Goon: じ (ji, Jōyō, uncommon)
Kan’on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kun: つかえる (tsukaeru, 仕える, Jōyō)^{←つかへる (tukaferu, historical)}; つかまつる (tsukamatsuru, 仕る)
Nanori: つこう (tsukō)

Compounds

仕える (tsukaeru): serve, work for, attend
仕方 (shikata): way, method, means
仕草 (shigusa): action, acting, gesture
仕事 (shigoto): work, job, business
仕手 (shite): doer, performer
仕様 (shiyō): way, method, means
仕業 (shiwaza): deed, act, action
仕上げ (shiage): end, finishing touches
仕入れ (shiire): stocking, buying up
仕打ち (shiuchi): treatment, behavior, action

仕送り (shiokuri): allowance, remittance
仕掛け (shikake): device, contrivance, trick
仕切り (shikiri): partition, division, boundary
仕切る (shikiru): partition, divide, mark off
仕組み (shikumi): structure, construction, arrangement
仕込み (shikomi): training, stocking up
仕立て (shitate): tailoring, dressmaking, sewing
仕舞う (shimau): finish, do something completely
仕事中 (shigotochū): at work, working
仕事場 (shigotoba): place where one works

仕上がり (shiagari): finish, end, completion
仕上げる (shiageru): finish up, complete
仕入れる (shiireru): lay in stock, replenish stock
仕掛ける (shikakeru): commence, lay, set
仕立てる (shitateru): tailor, make, prepare
仕方ない (shikata nai): it can't be helped
仕事始め (shigotohajime): resuming work after New Year's vacation
仕方がない (shikata ga nai): it can't be helped
お仕舞い (oshimai): the end, closing
奉仕 (hōshi): attendance, service, ministry

Noun

仕 (hiragana し, rōmaji shi)

official, civil service
- 仕を致す
  しをいたす
  shi o itasu
  to resign from public office

Korean

Hanja

仕 • (sa) (hangeul 사)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

仕 (sĩ, sải, sảy, sãi, sẻ, sễ, sẽ, sì, sẩy, sè, sõi, sỡi, xảy)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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