黔

黔 U+9ED4, 黔
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9ED4
← 黓
[U+9ED3] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 黕 →
[U+9ED5]

Translingual

Han character

黔 (radical 203 黑+4, 16 strokes, cangjie input 田火人戈弓 (WFOIN), four-corner 68327, composition ⿰黑今)

References

  • KangXi: page 1519, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48056
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2052, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4744, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+9ED4

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 黔

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 黔
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
貪 *kʰl'uːm
嗿 *l̥ʰuːmʔ
僋 *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
酓 *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
馠 *qʰɯːm
谽 *qʰɯːm
唅 *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
含 *ɡɯːm
肣 *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
頷 *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
筨 *ɡɯːm
梒 *ɡɯːm
鋡 *ɡɯːm
莟 *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
琀 *ɡɯːms
浛 *ɡɯːms
盦 *qɯːm, *qaːb
韽 *qɯːm, *qrɯːms
玪 *krɯːm
妗 *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
欦 *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
黔 *ɡram, *ɡrɯm
鈐 *ɡram
鳹 *ɡram
雂 *ɡram, *ɡrɯm
念 *nɯːms
梣 *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
枔 *sɢrɯm
岑 *sɡrɯm
笒 *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
涔 *sɡrɯm
侺 *ɡjɯms
今 *krɯm
黅 *krɯm
衿 *krɯm
衾 *kʰrɯm
坅 *kʰrɯmʔ
搇 *kʰrɯms
琴 *ɡrɯm
禽 *ɡrɯm
芩 *ɡrɯm
庈 *ɡrɯm
耹 *ɡrɯm
靲 *ɡrɯm
擒 *ɡrɯm
檎 *ɡrɯm
紟 *ɡrɯms
吟 *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
訡 *ŋɡrɯm
廞 *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
陰 *qrɯm
霠 *qrɯm
飲 *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
蔭 *qrɯms
廕 *qrɯms
矜 *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Pronunciation

Note:
  • khiâm - literary;
  • khâm - vernacular.
Rime
Character 黔 黔
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 群 (30) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 侵 (140) 鹽 (154)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) Chongniu III Chongniu III
Fanqie 巨金切 巨淹切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiɪm/ /ɡˠiᴇm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡᵚim/ /ɡᵚiɛm/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiem/ /ɡiæm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gjim/ /gjiam/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjəm/ /ɡjɛm/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭĕm/ /ɡĭɛm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯əm/ /gi̯ɛm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qín qián
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 黔
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qián
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gjem ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ](r)[o]m/
English black

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 黔 黔
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6580 6606
Phonetic
component		 今 今
Rime
group		 談 侵
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 箝 琴
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡram/ /*ɡrɯm/

Definitions

黔

  1. † black
  2. (～州) Name of a prefecture in ancient China now located in Chongqing and Guizhou.
  3. Short for 貴州／贵州 (Guìzhōu, “Guizhou”).

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 黑 (“black”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 黑、烏、青、皂、黔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 黑
Mandarin Beijing 黑
Taiwan 黑
Tianjin 黑
Jinan 黑
Xi'an 黑
Wuhan 黑、烏、青
Chengdu 黑、青
Yangzhou 黑
Hefei 黑
Cantonese Guangzhou 黑
Hong Kong 黑
Yangjiang 黑
Gan Nanchang 黑、烏、青
Hakka Meixian 烏
Jin Taiyuan 黑
Min Bei Jian'ou 烏、青
Min Dong Fuzhou 烏、青
Min Nan Xiamen 烏
Quanzhou 烏
Zhangzhou 烏
Taipei 烏
Chaozhou 烏
Wu Shanghai 黑
Suzhou 黑
Wenzhou 黑、烏、青
Xiang Changsha 黑、青
Shuangfeng 黑、青

Compounds

  • 布衣黔首
  • 黔劇／黔剧
  • 黔突暖席
  • 黔首 (qiánshǒu)
  • 黔驢之技／黔驴之技

Japanese

Kanji

黔

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Korean

Hanja

黔 • (geom, geum) (hangeul 검, 금, revised geom, geum, McCune–Reischauer kŏm, kŭm, Yale kem, kum)

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Vietnamese

Han character

黔 (kiềm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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