環

See also: 环
環 U+74B0, 環
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-74B0
← 璯
[U+74AF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 璱 →
[U+74B1]

Translingual

Japanese 環
Simplified 环
Traditional 環

Han character

環 (radical 96, 玉+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 一土田中女 (MGWLV), four-corner 16132, composition ⿰𤣩睘)

References

  • KangXi: page 743, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21287
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1152, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1140, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+74B0

Chinese

trad. 環
simp. 环*

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 環
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script

s00138

Transcribed ancient scripts

L04052

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (睘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
癏 *kʷraːn
擐 *kʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns
還 *ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan
環 *ɡʷraːn
鬟 *ɡʷraːn
寰 *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns
闤 *ɡʷraːn
糫 *ɡʷraːn
圜 *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen
鐶 *ɡʷraːn
轘 *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns
澴 *ɡʷraːn
繯 *ɡʷraːns, *ɡʷeːnʔ
檈 *sɢʷan, *sɢʷin
儇 *qʰʷen
翾 *qʰʷen
蠉 *qʰʷen, *qʰʷenʔ
嬛 *qʰʷen, *qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ
譞 *qʰʷen
懁 *kʷeːns
獧 *kʷeːns
噮 *qʷeːns
彋 *ɡʷreːŋ, *ɡʷreːŋ
睘 *ɡʷeŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡʷraːn) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • khoân - vernacular;
  • hoân - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 環
Mandarin Beijing /xuan³⁵/
Harbin /xuan²⁴/
Tianjin /xuan⁴⁵/
Jinan /xuã⁴²/
Qingdao /xuã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuan⁴²/
Xi'an /xuã²⁴/
Xining /xuã²⁴/
Yinchuan /xuan⁵³/
Lanzhou /xuɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /xuan⁵¹/
Wuhan /xuan²¹³/
Chengdu /xuan³¹/
Guiyang /xuan²¹/
Kunming /xuã̠³¹/
Nanjing /kʰuaŋ²⁴/
/xuaŋ²⁴/
Hefei /xuæ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xuæ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /xuɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /xuæ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /gue²³/
Suzhou /gue̞¹³/
Hangzhou /guõ²¹³/
Wenzhou /va³¹/
Hui Shexian /xuɛ⁴⁴/
/uɛ⁴⁴/
Tunxi /uːən⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /fan¹³/
Xiangtan /ɸan¹²/
Gan Nanchang /uan⁴⁵/ 耳環
/fan⁴⁵/ 門～
Hakka Meixian /fan¹¹/
Taoyuan /kʰuɑn¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wan²¹/
Nanning /wan²¹/
Hong Kong /wan²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /huan³⁵/
/kʰuan³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰuaŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /uiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /huaŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /huaŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 環
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 刪 (70)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) II
Fanqie 戸關切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠuan/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦʷᵚan/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwaɨn/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuan/
Wang
Li		 /ɣwan/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣwan/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 huán
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 環
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 huán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwæn ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.ɢʷˤ<r>en/
English ring (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 環
Reading # 1/1
No. 16231
Phonetic
component		 睘
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 還
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡʷraːn/

Definitions

環

  1. circle; ring
  2. round
  3. to surround
  4. (mathematics) ring

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

環

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. circle, ring, wheel

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
環
かん
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 環 (hwæn).

Pronunciation

Noun

環 (hiragana かん, rōmaji kan, historical hiragana くわん)

  1. ring
  2. (algebra) ring

Prefix

環 (hiragana かん, rōmaji kan-, historical hiragana くわん)

  1. circum-

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
環
わ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

環 (hiragana わ, rōmaji wa)

  1. a ring or circle shape (such as a ring for a finger, or Saturn's rings)
  2. a hoop (such as for a barrel)
  3. a wheel (as of a vehicle)
Synonyms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
環
たまき
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Originally a compound of 手 (ta, “hand”, ancient combining form of modern te) +‎ 巻き (maki, “winding, wrapping”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 巻く maku, “to wind, to wrap”), from the way that the bracelet would be worn around the wrist.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

環 (hiragana たまき, rōmaji tamaki)

  1. an ancient bracelet strung with jewels or bells and worn at the elbow
  2. a longer tube-shaped gauntlet to protect the hand during archery
  3. (obsolete) an ancient jewel or other stone in the shape of a ring
Synonyms
  • (archery gauntlet): 手覆 (たおおい) (taōi)
  • (ring): 指輪 (ゆびわ) (yubiwa), 環 (yubimaki) (see below)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
環
ゆびまき
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Originally a compound of 指 (yubi, “finger”, ancient combining form of modern te) +‎ 巻き (maki, “winding, wrapping”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 巻く maku, “to wind, to wrap”), from the way that the ring would be worn around a finger.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

環 (hiragana ゆびまき, rōmaji yubimaki)

  1. (obsolete) an ancient jewel or other stone in the shape of a ring
Synonyms

References

  1. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

環 • (hwan) (hangeul 환)

  1. jade ring or bracelet
  2. ring

Vietnamese

Han character

環 (hoàn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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