渾

See also: 浑

渾	U+6E3E, 渾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E3E

← 渽
[U+6E3D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

渿 →
[U+6E3F]

Translingual

Han character

渾 (radical 85 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水月十十 (EBJJ), four-corner 3715₆, composition ⿰氵軍)

References

KangXi: page 635, character 23

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17800

Dae Jaweon: page 1043, character 8

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1687, character 8

Unihan data for U+6E3E

Chinese

trad.		渾
simp.		浑

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 渾
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
揮	*qʰul
輝	*qʰul
翬	*qʰul
暉	*qʰul
煇	qʰul, ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ
楎	qʰul, ɡuːn
瀈	*qʰul
韗	qʰons, ɢuns
褌	*kuːn
鶤	kuːn, ɢuns
緷	kuːnʔ, ɡuːnʔ, *ɢuns
睴	kuːns, ɡuːnʔ
璭	*kuːns
瘒	*ŋɡuːn
顐	ŋɡuːn, ŋɡuːns, *ɡuːn
諢	*ŋɡuːns
餫	ɡuːn, ɢuns
渾	ɡuːn, ɡuːnʔ
琿	*ɡuːn
鼲	*ɡuːn
堚	*ɡuːn
鯶	*ɡuːnʔ
軍	*kun
皸	kun, kuns
齳	*ŋɡunʔ
喗	*ŋɡunʔ
葷	*qʰun
惲	*qunʔ
賱	*qunʔ
運	*ɢuns
暈	*ɢuns
鄆	*ɢuns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hún (hun²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁴
Min Nan (POJ): hûn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hún
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ
  - Wade–Giles: hun²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwen
  - IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁴
  - Yale: wàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /wɐn²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hûn
  - Tâi-lô: hûn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huun
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hun²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hun²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hun¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hun²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hun²³/

Middle Chinese: /ɦuən/▼

Rime
Character	渾
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	戸昆切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuən/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuon/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwən/
Li Rong	/ɣuən/
Wang Li	/ɣuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hún

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤ[u]r/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	渾
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hún
Middle Chinese	‹ hwon ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˤ[u]r/
English	chaotic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	渾
Reading #	1/2
No.	7321
Phonetic component	軍
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	䰟
Old Chinese	/*ɡuːn/

Definitions

渾

sound of spouting
muddy
muddled
whole
totally
flourishing, vigorous
still
name of several rivers
Short for 吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún).
A surname.

Compounds

吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún)
含渾／含浑
含蓄渾厚／含蓄浑厚
圓渾／圆浑
大渾家／大浑家
打水不渾／打水不浑
攪渾／搅浑 (jiǎohún)
渾不似／浑不似
渾不比／浑不比
渾世／浑世
渾人／浑人
渾似／浑似
渾倌／浑倌
渾全／浑全
渾化／浑化
渾厚／浑厚 (húnhòu)
渾可事／浑可事
渾噩／浑噩
渾圓／浑圆
渾家／浑家 (húnjiā)
渾小子／浑小子
渾成／浑成
渾是／浑是

渾樸／浑朴
渾樸自然／浑朴自然
渾水／浑水
渾水摸魚／浑水摸鱼 (húnshuǐmōyú)
渾河／浑河
渾涵／浑涵
渾渾噩噩／浑浑噩噩 (húnhún'è'è)
渾濁／浑浊
渾無罣礙／浑无罣碍
渾然／浑然
渾然一體／浑然一体
渾然不知／浑然不知
渾然不覺／浑然不觉
渾然天成／浑然天成
渾然忘我／浑然忘我
渾箇／浑箇
渾純／浑纯
渾脫／浑脱
渾花／浑花
渾蓋／浑盖
渾蛋／浑蛋
渾言／浑言

渾話／浑话
渾身／浑身 (húnshēn)
渾身是膽／浑身是胆
渾身無力／浑身无力
渾身發軟／浑身发软
渾身解數／浑身解数 (húnshēnxièshù)
渾身銅臭／浑身铜臭
渾酒／浑酒
渾金璞玉／浑金璞玉
渾閑事／浑闲事
渾閒／浑闲
渾骨丫髻／浑骨丫髻
璞玉渾金／璞玉浑金
老忘渾／老忘浑
質直渾厚／质直浑厚
踹渾水／踹浑水
蹚渾水／蹚浑水
躧渾水／躧浑水
鑿渾沌／凿浑沌
阿月渾子／阿月浑子 (āyuèhúnzǐ)
雄渾／雄浑 (xiónghún)
鬼打渾／鬼打浑

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hún, hùn

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁶, wan⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: hún
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ
  - Wade–Giles: hun²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwen
  - IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan; variant in Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: hùn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ
  - Wade–Giles: hun⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huenn
  - IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁶, wan⁴
  - Yale: wahn, wàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁶, wan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁶, wen⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /wɐn²²/, /wɐn²¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɦuən^X/▼

Rime
Character	渾
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡本切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuən^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuon^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuən^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwən^X/
Li Rong	/ɣuən^X/
Wang Li	/ɣuən^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuən^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hùn

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤurʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	渾
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hún
Middle Chinese	‹ hwon^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˤurʔ/
English	chaotic
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	渾
Reading #	2/2
No.	7328
Phonetic component	軍
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	混
Old Chinese	/*ɡuːnʔ/

Definitions

渾

large
to mix
simple; plain
pure
Short for 渾天／浑天.
Short for 渾天儀／浑天仪 (húntiānyí).

Compounds

分渾元／分浑元
打渾／打浑
沒渾過事／没浑过事
渾俗和光／浑俗和光
渾元／浑元
渾名／浑名 (húnmíng)

渾天／浑天
渾天儀／浑天仪 (húntiānyí)
渾敦／浑敦
渾殽／浑殽
渾沌／浑沌
渾淪／浑沦 (húnlún)

渾渾／浑浑 (húnhún)
渾球／浑球
渾號／浑号
渾賬／浑账
龍蛇渾雜／龙蛇浑杂

Pronunciation 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 渾 – see 混 (“torrent; to mix; to blend; to mingle; etc.”). (This character, 渾, is a variant form of 混.)

Pronunciation 4

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gǔn (gun³)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwan²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gǔn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄣˇ
  - Wade–Giles: kun³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goen
  - IPA ^(key): /ku̯ən²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwan²
  - Yale: gwán
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwan²
  - Guangdong Romanization: guen²
  - IPA ^(key): /kʷɐn³⁵/

Definitions

渾

Only used in 渾渾／浑浑 (gǔngǔn, “alternative form of 滾滾; rolling along”).
to fall

Japanese

Kanji

渾

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Goon: ごん (gon)
Kan’on: こん (kon)
Kun: にごる (nigoru, 渾る); すべて (subete, 渾て)

Korean

Hanja

渾 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon, Yale hon)

muddy, turbid
blend, merge, mix

Vietnamese

Han character

渾 (hồn, hỗn)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.