混

See also: 渇

混	U+6DF7, 混 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DF7

← 淶
[U+6DF6]

CJK Unified Ideographs

淸 →
[U+6DF8]

Translingual

Han character

混 (radical 85 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水日心心 (EAPP), four-corner 3611₁, composition ⿰氵昆)

Derived characters

𠽞, 𮭓, 𦹲

References

KangXi: page 632, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17694
Dae Jaweon: page 1036, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1648, character 9
Unihan data for U+6DF7

Chinese

simp. and trad.		混

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (昆) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
昆	*kuːn
琨	*kuːn
鯤	*kuːn
菎	*kuːn
崐	*kuːn
蜫	*kuːn
惃	kuːn, kuːnʔ
錕	kuːn, kuːnʔ
猑	*kuːn
騉	*kuːn
緄	*kuːnʔ
輥	*kuːnʔ
棍	kuːns, ɡuːnʔ
餛	*ɡuːn
混	*ɡuːnʔ
焜	*ɡuːnʔ
倱	*ɡuːnʔ
掍	*ɡuːnʔ
箟	*kʰrun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 + phonetic 昆 (OC *kuːn).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hùn, hún, hǔn (hun⁴, hun², hun³)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˋ, ㄏㄨㄣˊ, ㄏㄨㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁶
Min Nan (POJ): hūn / hùn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hùn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˋ
  - Wade–Giles: hun⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huenn
  - IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Pinyin: hún
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ
  - Wade–Giles: hun²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwen
  - IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: hǔn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˇ
  - Wade–Giles: hun³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hoen
  - IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wan⁶
  - Yale: wahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wen⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /wɐn²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hūn
  - Tâi-lô: hūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hun
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hun³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hun²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hùn
  - Tâi-lô: hùn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: huxn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hun²¹/

Middle Chinese: /ɦuən^X/▼

Rime
Character	混
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡本切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuən^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuon^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuən^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwən^X/
Li Rong	/ɣuən^X/
Wang Li	/ɣuən^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuən^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hùn

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	混
Reading #	1/1
No.	7536
Phonetic component	昆
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	混
Old Chinese	/*ɡuːnʔ/

Definitions

混

torrent
to mix; to blend; to mingle
to bumble along
to unite
to make trouble
to drift
to fool
to pass of
to joke
to get along
muddy
careless
confused

Compounds

Derived terms from 混

一混湯子／一混汤子
二混子
含混
廝混／厮混 (sīhùn)
打混
打混葫蘆／打混葫芦
摑混
攪混／搅混
流言混語／流言混语
混一 (hùnyī)
混一口飯／混一口饭
混世魔王
混亂／混乱 (hùnluàn)
混事
混人
混作
混俗和光
混元
混充
混入 (hùnrù)
混冥
混凝
混凝劑／混凝剂
混凝土 (hùnníngtǔ)
混吃混玩
混合 (hùnhé)
混合使用
混合層／混合层
混合林
混合比
混合物 (hùnhéwù)
混合疫苗
混合經濟／混合经济
混合裁判
混合語／混合语
混合齒列／混合齿列
混同 (hùntóng)
混同江
混名
混和 (hùnhuò)

混唚／混吣
混嚼舌根
混堂
混夷
混子
混家
混居
混帳／混帐 (hùnzhàng)
混帳東西／混帐东西 (hùnzhàng dōngxi)
混帳話／混帐话 (hùnzhànghuà)
混成
混戰／混战 (hùnzhàn)
混打
混攪／混搅
混日子 (hùnrìzi)
混棍
混水
混水摸魚／混水摸鱼 (húnshuǐmōyú)
混汞法
混沌 (hùndùn)
混沌世界
混淆 (hùnxiáo)
混淆不清
混淆是非 (hùnxiáo shìfēi)
混淆視聽／混淆视听 (hùnxiáoshìtīng)
混淆黑白
混淪／混沦 (hùndùn)
混混 (hùnhùn)
混混兒／混混儿 (hùnhùnr)
混混沌沌
混濁／混浊 (hùnzhuó)
混為一談／混为一谈
混然
混猜
混球 (húnqiú)
混球兒／混球儿
混糖
混紡／混纺 (hùnfǎng)
混纏／混缠

混芒
混茫
混號／混号
混蛋 (húndàn)
混蟲／混虫
混血 (hùnxuè)
混血兒／混血儿 (hùnxuè'ér)
混話／混话
混說／混说
混賴／混赖
混跡／混迹
混踐／混践
混身
混造黑白
混錢／混钱
混雜／混杂 (hùnzá)
混音 (hùnyīn)
混頭混腦／混头混脑
混飯吃／混饭吃 (hùnfànchī)
混鬧／混闹
營混子／营混子
玄混
玉石混淆
白混
矇混／蒙混
老混忘
胡廝混／胡厮混
胡拉混扯
胡掄混鬧／胡抡混闹
胡混
舉世混濁／举世混浊
蒙混 (ménghùn)
阿混
香水混堂
鬼混 (guǐhùn)
魚目混珠／鱼目混珠
魚龍混雜／鱼龙混杂
黑白混淆
龍蛇混雜／龙蛇混杂 (lóngshéhùnzá)

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hún (hun²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄣˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hún
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄣˊ
  - Wade–Giles: hun²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwen
  - IPA ^(key): /xu̯ən³⁵/

Definitions

混

used in personal names
Alternative form of 渾／浑 (hún).

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gǔn (gun³)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwan²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gǔn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄣˇ
  - Wade–Giles: kun³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: goen
  - IPA ^(key): /ku̯ən²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwan²
  - Yale: gwán
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwan²
  - Guangdong Romanization: guen²
  - IPA ^(key): /kʷɐn³⁵/

Definitions

混

Only used in 混混 (gǔngǔn, “alternative form of 滾滾; rolling along”).

Pronunciation 4

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kūn (kun¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄣ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: kūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄣ
  - Wade–Giles: k'un¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuen
  - IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

Definitions

混

Only used in 混夷.
Alternative form of 崑／昆 (Kūn).

Japanese

Kanji

混

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

to blend, mix, merge
to confuse

Readings

Goon: こん (kon, Jōyō); ごん (gon)
Kan’on: こん (kon, Jōyō)
Kun: まぜる (mazeru, 混ぜる, Jōyō); まじる (majiru, 混じる, Jōyō); まざる (mazaru, 混ざる, Jōyō); こむ (komu, 混む, Jōyō)

Korean

Hanja

混 • (hon, gon) (hangeul 혼, 곤, revised hon, gon, McCune–Reischauer hon, kon, Yale hon, kon)

(섞을 혼): mix, confuse, blend
(흐릴 혼): turbid, unclear
(오랑캐 이름 곤): (perhaps mixed) tribes west of ancient China.
- 混夷 (곤이, gon-i) tribes west of ancient China
- 混夷駾矣 (詩經) (곤이태의 (시경), gon-i-tae-ui (sigyeong)) Western tribes ride.
- 西戎 (서융, seo-yung) tribes west of ancient China

Vietnamese

Han character

混 (hổn, hộn, hỗn, xổn, cổn, hỏn)

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References

Nom Foundation

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