援

援	U+63F4, 援 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-63F4

← 揳
[U+63F3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

揵 →
[U+63F5]

Translingual

Han character

援 (radical 64 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手月一水 (QBME), four-corner 5204₇, composition ⿰扌爰)

References

KangXi: page 445, character 2

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12407

Dae Jaweon: page 795, character 18

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1921, character 5

Unihan data for U+63F4

Chinese

simp. and trad.		援

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
暖	*noːnʔ
煖	noːnʔ, qʰʷan
喛	qʰʷaːns, qʰʷan
緩	*ɢʷaːnʔ
鰀	*ɢʷaːnʔ
嵈	*ɢʷaːnʔ
鍰	*ɢʷraːn
湲	*ɢʷan
媛	ɢʷans, ɢʷan
瑗	*ɢʷans
援	ɢʷans, ɢʷan
褑	*ɢʷans
諼	qʰʷan, qʰʷanʔ
愋	*qʰʷan
楥	*qʰʷans
爰	*ɢʷan
鶢	*ɢʷan
蝯	*ɢʷan
猨	*ɢʷan

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yuán (yuan²)

(Zhuyin): ㄩㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wun⁴, jyun⁴, jyun⁶
Min Nan (POJ): oân / oān / hoān / oan / hōaⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yuán
  - Zhuyin: ㄩㄢˊ
  - Wade–Giles: yüan²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuan
  - IPA ^(key): /y̯ɛn³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: wun⁴, jyun⁴, jyun⁶
  - Yale: wùhn, yùhn, yuhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wun⁴, jyn⁴, jyn⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wun⁴, yun⁴, yun⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /wuːn²¹/, /jyːn²¹/, /jyːn²²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oân
  - Tâi-lô: uân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oaan
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uan²⁴/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oān
  - Tâi-lô: uān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oan
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /uan²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /uan³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
  - Tâi-lô: huān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /huan²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oan
  - Tâi-lô: uan
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oafn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uan³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: huānn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hvoa
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /huã²²/

Note:

oân/oān/hoān - literary;
hoāⁿ - vernacular;
oan - vernacular (俗).

Middle Chinese: /ɦʉɐn/, /ɦˠiuᴇn^H/▼

Rime
Character	援	援
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	元 (66)	仙 (80)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	Chongniu III
Fanqie	雨元切	王眷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʉɐn/	/ɦˠiuᴇn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷiɐn/	/ɦʷᵚiɛn^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuɐn/	/ɣiuæn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuan/	/ɦwian^H/
Li Rong	/ɣiuɐn/	/ɣjuɛn^H/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwɐn/	/ɣĭwɛn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wɐn/	/i̯wɛn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuán	yuàn

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷa[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷans/, /*ɢʷan/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	援
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yuán
Middle Chinese	‹ hjwon ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷa[n]/
English	pull up
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	援	援
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16167	16175
Phonetic component	爰	爰
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	瑗	袁
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷans/	/*ɢʷan/

Definitions

援

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Japanese

Kanji

援

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

aid

Readings

Goon: えん (en, Jōyō); おん (on)
Kan’on: えん (en, Jōyō)
Kun: たすける (tasukeru, 援ける); ひく (hiku, 援く); たすけ (tasuke)

Korean

Hanja

援 • (won) (hangeul 원, revised won, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, Yale wen)

Vietnamese

Han character

援 (viện, vén, vẹn, vẻn, vịn, vin, vờn)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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