安

安 U+5B89, 安
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5B89
← 守
[U+5B88] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宊 →
[U+5B8A]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

安 (radical 40, 宀+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 十女 (JV), four-corner 30404, composition ⿱宀女)

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • KangXi: page 282, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7072
  • Dae Jaweon: page 552, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 913, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5B89

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 安

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 安
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (安) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
安 *qaːn
鞍 *qaːn
鞌 *qaːn
侒 *qaːn
按 *qaːns
案 *qaːns
洝 *qaːns
荌 *qaːns
晏 *qaːns, *qraːns
鴳 *qraːns
騴 *qraːns
鷃 *qraːns
頞 *qaːd
胺 *qaːd
咹 *qaːd

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 宀 (“house”) + 女 (“a woman or a kneeling person”) – person in a kneeling position sitting on the heels at home.

Etymology

A parallel stem is 宴 (OC *qeːns, “to be at ease; to rest”) (Wang, 1982; Schuessler, 2007).

Cognate with 按 (OC *qaːns, “to push down with hand”), an exoactive derivative, literally “to cause to be settled; calmed” (ibid.).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
Note:
  • an - literary;
  • oaⁿ - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 安
Mandarin Beijing /an⁵⁵/
Harbin /an⁴⁴/
/nan⁴⁴/
Tianjin /nan²¹/
Jinan /ŋã²¹³/
Qingdao /ɣã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /an²⁴/
Xi'an /ŋã²¹/
Xining /nã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /an⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /an⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ŋan⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ŋan⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ŋan⁵⁵/
/an⁵⁵/ 新
Kunming /ã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /aŋ³¹/
Hefei /ʐæ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ɣæ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /ŋɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ŋæ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ø⁵³/
Suzhou /ø⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /y³³/
Hui Shexian /ŋɛ³¹/
Tunxi /uːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ŋan³³/
Xiangtan /ŋan³³/
Gan Nanchang /ŋɵn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /on⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /on²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ɔn⁵³/
Nanning /ɔn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /ɔn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /an⁵⁵/
/uã⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /aŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /uiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /aŋ³³/
/uã³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /aŋ²³/
/ua²³/
Rime
Character 安
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 烏寒切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔan/
Li
Rong		 /ʔɑn/
Wang
Li		 /ɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ān
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 安 安 安
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 ān ān ān
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ 'an › ‹ 'an › ‹ 'an ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ʔ]ˤa[n]/ /*[ʔ]ˤa[n]/ /*[ʔ]ˤa[n]/
English peace(ful) how 安息 Ānxī (Iranian country in the western regions, W. Hàn; from Aršaka = Arsaces, founder of the Arsacid dynasty)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 安
Reading # 1/1
No. 11
Phonetic
component		 安
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 安
Old
Chinese		 /*qaːn/

Definitions

安

  1. calm; peaceful; tranquil; quiet
  2. comfortable; at ease
  3. safe; secure
  4. to calm; to pacify
  5. to feel satisfied with
  6. to find a place for; to plant
  7. to fit; to install
  8. to cherish; to harbour
  9. to confer (a title); to bestow; to put (the blame on someone)
  10. where
  11. how; why
  12. (physics) Short for 安培 (Ānpéi, “ampere”).
  13. A surname​.

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (安):
  • Japanese: 安 (あん) (an)
  • Korean: 안 (安, an)
  • Vietnamese: an (安)

Japanese

Kanji

安

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. calm, peaceful
  2. safe, secure
  3. inexpensive
  4. (abbreviation): ammonium

Readings

Compounds

Derived terms

Korean

Hanja

安 • (an) (hangeul 안, McCune–Reischauer an)

  1. Peace, peacefulness.

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

安 (an, yên)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.