及

See also: 乃 and 廴
及 U+53CA, 及
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53CA
← 叉
[U+53C9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 友 →
[U+53CB]
及 U+2F836, 及
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F836
← 灰
[U+2F835] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 叟 →
[U+2F837]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

及 (radical 29, 又+1, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹水 (NHE), four-corner 17247)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 165, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3118
  • Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 35, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+53CA

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 及

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 及
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (及) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
趿 *sqʰɯːb
鈒 *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰrɯb
靸 *sqʰɯːb, *sqʰaːb
馺 *sqʰɯːb
砐 *ŋɡɯːb
魥 *ŋɡɯːb, *kʰab
扱 *skʰrɯːb
笈 *skʰrɯːb, *ɡrab, *ɡab, *ɡrɯb
衱 *ɡrab, *kab
极 *ɡrab, *ɡab
昅 *ɡab
雭 *sqʰrɯb
急 *krɯb
級 *krɯb
汲 *krɯb
芨 *krɯb
伋 *krɯb
彶 *krɯb
及 *ɡrɯb
岌 *ŋɡrɯb
吸 *qʰrɯb

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 人 (“person”) + 又 (“hand”) – a hand grabbing a person.

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 及
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕi²⁴/ 來不～
/t͡ɕi⁵³/ ～格
Tianjin /t͡ɕi⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕi⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕji²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕi¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕi¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕi²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕie³¹/
/t͡ɕi³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕi²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕi³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕiəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑiɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiəʔ²/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑai²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰi²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕi¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕi²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiʔ²/ ～格
Hakka Meixian /kʰip̚⁵/
Taoyuan /kʰip̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰɐp̚²/
Nanning /kɐp̚²²/
Hong Kong /kɐp̚²/
/kʰɐp̚²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kip̚⁵/
/kʰip̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ki²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kip̚⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kip̚³/
Rime
Character 及
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 緝 (142)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 其立切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiɪp̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡᵚip̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiep̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gjip̚/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjəp̚/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭĕp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯əp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jí
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 及
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gip ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[m-k-]rəp/
English reach to

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 及
Reading # 1/1
No. 5664
Phonetic
component		 及
Rime
group		 緝
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 及
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡrɯb/

Definitions

及

  1. to reach; to extend to
  2. to catch up to; to reach the level of
  3. to be in time for
  4. and; as well as

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 與、及
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 和
Mandarin Beijing 和、跟
Taiwan 和、跟
Jinan 和、跟、給
Xi'an 跟、連
Wuhan 跟
Chengdu 跟、給
Yangzhou 跟、交
Hefei 跟
Cantonese Guangzhou 同、同埋
Hong Kong 同、同埋
Taishan 同埋
Yangjiang 鄧、同
Gan Nanchang 跟、同
Hakka Meixian 同
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 摎
Liudui (S. Sixian) 同
Hsinchu (Hailu) 摎
Dongshi (Dabu) 同
Zhuolan (Raoping) 摎
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 和
Jin Taiyuan 和、跟
Min Bei Jian'ou 邀
Min Dong Fuzhou 共
Min Nan Xiamen 佮
Quanzhou 佮
Zhangzhou 佮
Taipei 佮
Penang 佮
Chaozhou 佮、共
Wu Shanghai 搭
Suzhou 搭
Wenzhou 搭、伉
Xiang Changsha 跟
Shuangfeng 跟、同

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

及

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. reach out
  2. exert
  3. exercise
  4. cause

Readings

Korean

Hanja

及 • (geup) (hangeul 급, revised geup, McCune–Reischauer kŭp)

  1. extend
  2. reach
  3. come up to

Vietnamese

Han character

及 (cập)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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