剎

See also: 刹

剎	U+524E, 剎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-524E

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[U+524D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

剏 →
[U+524F]

Translingual

Japanese	刹
Simplified	刹
Traditional	剎

Han character

剎 (radical 18, 刀+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 大金中弓 (KCLN) or 大木中弓 (KDLN), four-corner 4290₀, composition ⿰𣏂刂(GHT))

Derived characters

䓭, 𠝨, 𤟆 (Taiwan character forms only)

Related characters

刹

References

KangXi: not present, would follow page 140, character 29

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2012

Hanyu Da Zidian: not present, would follow volume 1, page 342, character 5

Unihan data for U+524E

Chinese

trad.		剎
simp.		刹

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰraːd) : phonetic 殺 (OC *sreːds, *sreːd) + semantic 刂.

Etymology 1

Transcription of the kṣV (क्ष) sequence in various Sanskrit words, including:

Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra, “land; place of pilgrimage”) (剎多羅)
Sanskrit क्षण (kṣaṇa, “instant”) (剎那)
Sanskrit क्षेम (kṣema, “residence”) (剎摩)
Sanskrit क्षत्रिय (kṣatriya, “warrior caste”) (剎怛利耶, 剎帝利, 剎利)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): chà (cha⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄚˋ

(Chengdu, SP): sa²
Cantonese (Jyutping): saat³, caat³
Min Dong (BUC): chák
Min Nan (POJ): sat
Wu (Wiktionary): tshaq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chà
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄚˋ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'a⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chah
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰa̠⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: sa²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sa
  - IPA ^(key): /sa²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: saat³, caat³
  - Yale: saat, chaat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: saat⁸, tsaat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: sad³, cad³
  - IPA ^(key): /sɑːt̚³/, /t͡sʰɑːt̚³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: chák
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sat
  - Tâi-lô: sat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sat̚³²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tshaq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰa̱ʔ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 剎
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ʂa⁵³/ ～那
	Tianjin
	Jinan
	Qingdao
	Zhengzhou
	Xi'an
	Xining
	Yinchuan
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰa¹³/
	Ürümqi
	Wuhan
	Chengdu
	Guiyang
	Kunming
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʔ⁵/ 寶～
	Hefei
Jin	Taiyuan
	Pingyao
	Hohhot
Wu	Shanghai
	Suzhou
	Hangzhou
	Wenzhou
Hui	Shexian
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha
Xiang	Xiangtan
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou
	Nanning
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰat̚³/ /sat̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)
	Shantou (Min Nan)
	Haikou (Min Nan)

Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃʰˠat̚/▼

Rime
Character	剎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	黠 (71)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	初鎋切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠat̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚat̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰɐt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨt̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰat̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰat̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰăt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cha

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*sʰraːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	剎
Reading #	1/1
No.	11015
Phonetic component	杀
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	刹
Old Chinese	/*sʰraːd/
Notes	梵譯字

Definitions

剎

(剎多羅)
1. (Buddhism) land; world; place; area
2. (Buddhism) place of pilgrimage; kshetra; Buddhist temple; Buddhist monastery; pagoda
  古剎 / 古刹 ― gǔchà ― old Buddhist temple
(剎那)
1. (Buddhism) instant; moment; impermanence
2. (by extension) brief moment; short moment
  - 你我在回望那一剎　彼此慰問境況 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
    你我在回望那一刹　彼此慰问境况 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
    From: 陳慧嫻 (lyricist 簡寧), 人生何處不相逢
    nei⁵ ngo⁵ zoi⁶ wui⁴ mong⁶ naa⁵ jat¹ saat³; bei² ci² wai³ man⁶ ging² fong³ [Jyutping]
    The moment we both turned back
    Exchanged glances and checked up on each other
  - 懷念那一剎　耀眼的火花 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
    怀念那一刹　耀眼的火花 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
    From: 李克勤 (lyricist 陳少琪), 飛花
    waai⁴ nim⁶ naa⁵ jat¹ saat³; jiu⁶ ngaan⁵ dik¹ fo² faa¹ [Jyutping]
    Missing that instant
    The dazzling spark

Compounds

Derived terms from 剎

一剎那／一刹那 (yīchànà)
上剎／上刹
佛剎／佛刹
剎帝利／刹帝利 (chàdìlì)
剎摩／刹摩
剎時／刹时

剎柱／刹柱
剎海／刹海
剎那／刹那 (chànà)
古剎／古刹 (gǔchà)
塵剎／尘刹
寶剎／宝刹

巴剎／巴刹 (bāshā)
梵剎／梵刹
羅剎／罗刹 (luóchà)
羅剎國／罗刹国
羅剎女／罗刹女
金剎／金刹

Etymology 2

From 煞 (shā), in turn from 殺／杀 (shā).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shā (sha¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄚ
Cantonese (Jyutping): saat³, caat³
Min Dong (BUC): sák
Min Nan (POJ): sat
Wu (Wiktionary): saq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: shā
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄚ
  - Wade–Giles: sha¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sha
  - IPA ^(key): /ʂa̠⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: saat³, caat³
  - Yale: saat, chaat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: saat⁸, tsaat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: sad³, cad³
  - IPA ^(key): /sɑːt̚³/, /t͡sʰɑːt̚³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sák
  - IPA ^(key): /sɑʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sat
  - Tâi-lô: sat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sat̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sat̚³²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: saq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /sa̱ʔ⁵⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 剎
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʂa⁵¹/
	Harbin	/sa⁴⁴/ ～車
	Tianjin	/sɑ²¹/
	Jinan	/ʂa²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʂa⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ʂa²⁴/ ～車
	Xi'an	/sa²¹/
	Xining	/sa⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/ʂa¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ʂa³¹/ /ʈ͡ʂʰa¹³/
	Ürümqi	/sa²¹³/
	Wuhan	/sa²¹³/
	Chengdu	/sa³¹/
	Guiyang	/sa²¹/
	Kunming	/ʂa̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʂɑʔ⁵/ ～車
	Hefei	/ʂɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/saʔ²/
	Pingyao	/sʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/saʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/saʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/saʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/sa²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/saʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/sɔ⁵/
Xiang	Changsha
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡sʰɒ⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/saʔ⁵/ ～車
Hakka	Meixian	/sat̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/sat̚³/
	Nanning	/sat̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰat̚³/ /sat̚³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/sat̚³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/sɑʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/suɛ²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/sap̚²/ /sap̚⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/sa⁵⁵/

Definitions

剎

to brake (a car); to stop a car
剎車 / 刹车 ― shāchē ― to brake a car

Compounds

Derived terms from 剎

剎車／刹车 (shāchē)

Japanese

Kanji

剎

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): さつ (satsu); せち (sechi)
Kun: はたばしら (hatabashira); てら (tera, 剎); くに (kuni)

Korean

Hanja

剎 • (chal) (hangeul 찰, revised chal, McCune–Reischauer ch'al, Yale chal)

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