初

初 U+521D, 初
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-521D
← 刜
[U+521C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刞 →
[U+521E]

Translingual

Han character

初 (radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 中尸竹 (LSH), four-corner 37220, composition ⿰衤刀)

References

  • KangXi: page 137, character 33
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1911
  • Dae Jaweon: page 310, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 327, character 22
  • Unihan data for U+521D

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 初
alt. forms
 
𥘉
𥝢
𠜆
𫢈
𢀯
𢀰
𡔈
䥚
𠫎
𣦂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 初
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 衤 (“clothes”) + 刀 (“knife; to cut”) – start making clothes by cutting the cloth.

The various 𢀰-shaped glyphs are or are evolved from Zetian characters.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chho͘ - literary;
  • chhoe/chhe - vernacular.
Rime
Character 初
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 初 (19)
Final (韻) 魚 (22)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 楚居切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃʰɨʌ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂʰiɔ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃʰiɔ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂʰɨə̆/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃʰiɔ/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃʰĭo/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂʰi̯wo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chū
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 初
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 chū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsrhjo ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ts]ʰra/
English beginning

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 初
Reading # 1/1
No. 1589
Phonetic
component		 初
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 初
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰra/

Definitions

初

  1. initial; inceptive
  2. original; first; primary
  3. elementary; basic
  4. beginning; start
  5. initially; originally

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

初

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. beginning, start, first

Readings

Compounds

Derived terms

See also

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
初
うい
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

upi > uɸi > uwi > ui.

Noun

初 (hiragana うい, rōmaji ui, historical hiragana うひ)

  1. the first; a start

Prefix

初 (hiragana うい, rōmaji ui-, historical hiragana うひ)

  1. first

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
初
はつ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

patu > ɸatu > hatu

Noun

初 (hiragana はつ, rōmaji hatsu)

  1. the first; a start; the beginning
    今年 (ことし)初 (はつ)のコンサート
    kotoshi hatsu no konsāto
    the first concert of this year
  2. first sexual relations
Antonyms

Prefix

初 (hiragana はつ, rōmaji hatsu-)

  1. first

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
初
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

From 始め (hajime, “beginning, first”).

Proper noun

初 (hiragana はじめ, rōmaji Hajime)

  1. A male given name.

Korean

Hanja

初 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune–Reischauer ch'o)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

初 (sơ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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