倌

倌	U+500C, 倌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-500C

← 個
[U+500B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

倍 →
[U+500D]

Translingual

Han character

倌 (radical 9 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人十口口 (OJRR), four-corner 2327₇, composition ⿰亻官)

a boy in the employ of a teahouse, tavern, or restaurant; assistant in wine shop
groom (keeper of domestic animals), herdsman

References

KangXi: page 107, character 18

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 759

Dae Jaweon: page 228, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 184, character 4

Unihan data for U+500C

Chinese

simp. and trad.		倌

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倌

**Small seal script**
s05818

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (官) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
官	*koːn
棺	koːn, koːns
倌	koːn, kroːns
悹	koːn, koːnʔ, *koːns
涫	koːn, koːns
管	*koːnʔ
琯	koːnʔ, kuːns
痯	koːnʔ, koːns
輨	*koːnʔ
錧	koːnʔ, koːns
館	koːnʔ, koːns
婠	koːns, qoːn, *qruːd
悺	*koːns
逭	*ɡoːns
菅	*kroːn
綰	qroːnʔ, qroːns
捾	*qoːd

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guān (guan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gun¹
Min Nan (POJ): koaⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: guān
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢ
  - Wade–Giles: kuan¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guan
  - IPA ^(key): /ku̯a̠n⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gun¹
  - Yale: gūn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gun¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gun¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kuːn⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kuann
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvoaf
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kuã⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kuã³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuã⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kuã⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuã⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: /kuɑn/, /kˠuan^H/▼

Rime
Character	倌	倌
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	刪 (70)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	古丸切	古患切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑn/	/kˠuan^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑn/	/kʷᵚan^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑn/	/kuɐn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwan/	/kwaɨn^H/
Li Rong	/kuɑn/	/kuan^H/
Wang Li	/kuɑn/	/kwan^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuɑn/	/kwan^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guān	guàn

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷˤra[n]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*koːn/, /*kroːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	倌
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guān
Middle Chinese	‹ kwæn^H ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷˤra[n]-s/
English	servant, groom
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倌	倌
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4437	4458
Phonetic component	官	官
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	官	慣
Old Chinese	/*koːn/	/*kroːns/

Definitions

倌

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

倌人
堂倌
寶倌／宝倌

渾倌／浑倌
牛倌
紅倌／红倌

羊倌 (yángguān)
豬倌／猪倌
阿倌

Japanese

Kanji

倌

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

assistant in wine shop
groom (keeper of domestic animals)

Readings

On (unclassified): かん (kan)

Kun: とねり (toneri, 倌)

Korean

Hanja

倌 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

倌 (quan, quán)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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