雀

雀 U+96C0, 雀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96C0
← 隿
[U+96BF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 雁 →
[U+96C1]

Translingual

Han character

雀 (radical 172, 隹+3, 11 strokes, cangjie input 火人土 (FOG), four-corner 90214, composition ⿱小隹)

References

  • KangXi: page 1364, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41954
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1868, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4091, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+96C0

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 雀
alt. forms 䲵

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 雀
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script

Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 小 (“small”) + 隹 (“bird”) – a small bird, a sparrow.

In the current form, the upper part looks like 少, but what looks like the bottom stroke of 少 is actually the upper left stroke of 隹, extended.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • chhiok/chhiak/chiok - literary;
  • chiah/chehⁿ - vernacular (limited, e.g. 雀盲);
  • chioh, chhek - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • (Shanghainese)
      • Wiktionary: qiaq (T4); jiaq (T4)
      • IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰia̱ʔ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕia̱ʔ⁵⁵/
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 雀
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵¹/
/t͡ɕʰiɑu²¹⁴/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰiau²¹³/
/t͡ɕʰyɛ⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰiɑu²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰyə²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡sʰyə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰyo²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/
Xining /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/
/t͡ɕʰye¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰyə¹³/
/t͡ɕʰiɔ⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰyɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰio²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyo³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰio²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰio³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰoʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰyɐʔ⁵/
/t͡ɕʰiɯ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/ 麻～
/t͡ɕʰiau⁵³/ ～兒
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiɔ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵/
Suzhou /t͡sʰiɑʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕʰa²¹³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰiɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /t͡siun²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰio²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰio²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /t͡siok̚¹/
Taoyuan /t͡siok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sœk̚³/
Nanning /t͡sʰœk̚³³/
Hong Kong /t͡sœk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰiɔk̚³²/
/t͡siaʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sʰiɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡siauʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /siɔk̚⁵/
Rime
Character 雀
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 藥 (107)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 即略切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡sɨɐk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡siɐk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡siɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sɨak̚/
Li
Rong		 /t͡siak̚/
Wang
Li		 /t͡sĭak̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡si̯ak̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jue
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 雀
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 què
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsjak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ts]ewk/
English sparrow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 雀
Reading # 1/1
No. 10745
Phonetic
component		 雀
Rime
group		 藥
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 爵
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsewɢ/

Definitions

雀

  1. sparrow
  2. (Cantonese) bird
    雀竇 / 雀窦 [Cantonese]  ―  zoek3 dau3 [Jyutping]  ―  bird nest

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 麻雀 (“sparrow”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 雀
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 麻雀
Taxonomic name 麻雀
Mandarin Beijing 家雀兒、老家賊、老家子
Taiwan 麻雀
Harbin 家雀兒、老家賊、家賊
Shenyang 家雀兒
Jinan 家雀兒、家雀子、家雀
Muping 家雀兒、雀兒
Luoyang 小蟲兒
Jiedian 飛蟲
Xi'an 雀兒、麻雀兒
Xuzhou 小老雀兒、老雀兒
Yinchuan 麻雀子
Lanzhou 雀兒
Ürümqi 麻雀子、乾頭麻雀子
Wuhan 麻雀
Chengdu 麻雀、家麻雀、麻雀子
Guiyang 麻雀、瓦雀
Liuzhou 麻雀、麻雀鳥
Kunming 小雀、穀雀
Yangzhou 麻雀子、麻雀
Nanjing 麻雀
Hefei 麻䨂子、麻雀子
Nantong 麻雀兒
Cantonese Guangzhou 麻雀
Hong Kong 麻雀
Dongguan 麻雀、麻鷝 Qishi
Hong Kong (Weitou) 麻雀
Taishan 麻雀、禾雀
Yangjiang 麻雀仔
Gan Nanchang 奸雀子、奸雀、麻雀子、麻雀
Lichuan 禾接
Pingxiang 麻雀、麻雀鳥仔
Hakka Meixian 禾鷝仔
Xingning 禾鷝哩
Huidong 禾鷝仔
Qujiang 禾鷝子
Xiaosanjiang 禾鷝仔
Changting 禾鷝子
Pingyu 禾鷝子
Wuping 禾鷝子
Liancheng 禾雀鳥
Ninghua 禾鷝子
Yudu 麻鳥子
Ruijin 禾鷝子
Shicheng 禾雀
Shangyou 麻鳥子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屋簷鳥、屋角鳥
Liudui (S. Sixian) 禾鷝仔、屋簷鳥、屋角鳥
Hsinchu (Hailu) 屋簷鳥
Dongshi (Dabu) 瓦雀
Zhuolan (Raoping) 屋簷鳥
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 必子鳥、屋簷鳥、屋角鳥
Hong Kong 禾鷝仔
Huizhou Jixi 麻雀
Jin Taiyuan 雀兒、家雀兒、麻雀
Xinzhou 飛鳥兒、小雀兒
Min Bei Jian'ou 毛隻仔、隻仔
Min Dong Fuzhou 隻隻、隻囝 suburban
Fuqing 隻囝
Min Nan Xiamen 粟鳥仔
Quanzhou 粟鳥仔
Zhangzhou 粟鳥仔、厝頭雀仔
Taipei 粟鳥仔
Kaohsiung 厝角鳥仔
Tainan 厝角鳥、厝角鳥仔
Taichung 厝鳥仔
Wuqi 粟鳥仔
Hsinchu 粟鳥仔、厝鳥仔
Taitung 厝鳥仔
Lukang 粟鳥仔
Sanxia 粟鳥
Yilan 粟鳥仔
Kinmen 杙鳥仔
Magong 厝角鳥、厝鳥
Penang 粟仔鳥、麻雀鳥
Singapore 粟仔鳥
Chaozhou 麻雀
Haikou 鳥暝
Leizhou 鳥暝
Pinghua Nanning 偷飯雀、麻鷝雀
Wu Shanghai 麻雀、麻將 dated、麻鳥 dated
Suzhou 麻雀
Hangzhou 麻雀兒、雀兒
Wenzhou 雀兒、吃穀雀兒
Chongming 麻將
Danyang 麻雀、麻雀雀
Jinhua 麻雀、麻雀兒
Ningbo 麻雀
Xiang Changsha 麻雀子、麻雀
Shuangfeng 麻賊子
Loudi 麻雀子
Dialectal synonyms of 鳥 (“bird”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 鳥
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 鳥
Taxonomic name 鳥
Mandarin Beijing 鳥兒
Taiwan 鳥
Harbin 鳥兒
Jinan 鳥、鳥兒
Jiedian 蟲蟻兒
Xuzhou 鳥兒、鳥
Yinchuan 鳥鳥子
Ürümqi 雀娃子
Wuhan 雀子
Chengdu 雀雀、雀兒、鳥兒
Guiyang 鳥
Liuzhou 鳥崽
Nanjing 鳥
Cantonese Guangzhou 雀仔、雀
Hong Kong 雀仔、雀
Dongguan 雀仔、鷝仔
Hong Kong (Weitou) 雀仔
Taishan 雀仔、雀
Gan Lichuan 鳥兒
Pingxiang 鳥
Hakka Meixian 鳥仔
Yudu 鳥子、鳥
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鳥仔
Liudui (S. Sixian) 鳥仔
Hsinchu (Hailu) 鳥仔
Dongshi (Dabu) 鳥
Zhuolan (Raoping) 鳥仔、鳥
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 鳥
Hong Kong 鳥仔
Jin Taiyuan 鳥兒
Min Bei Jian'ou 隻仔
Min Dong Fuzhou 鳥
Fuqing 鳥
Matsu 鳥囝
Min Nan Xiamen 鳥仔
Quanzhou 鳥仔
Zhangzhou 鳥仔
Taipei 鳥仔
Kaohsiung 鳥仔
Tainan 鳥仔
Taichung 鳥仔
Wuqi 鳥仔
Hsinchu 鳥仔
Taitung 鳥仔
Lukang 鳥仔
Yilan 鳥仔
Magong 鳥
Penang 鳥
Chaozhou 鳥
Shantou 鳥
Haikou 鳥
Leizhou 鳥
Pinghua Nanning 鳥
Wu Shanghai 鳥
Suzhou 鳥
Hangzhou 鳥、鳥兒
Wenzhou 鳥
Chongming 將
Danyang 雀子
Ningbo 鳥
Xiang Changsha 鳥
Loudi 鳥唧

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

雀

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. sparrow

Readings

Compounds

Kanji in this term
雀
すずめ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

雀 (hiragana すずめ, katakana スズメ, rōmaji suzume)

  1. a Eurasian tree sparrow

Synonyms

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

雀 • (jak) (hangeul 작, revised jak, McCune–Reischauer chak, Yale cak)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

雀 (tước)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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