菱

See also: 蔆

菱	U+83F1, 菱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-83F1

← 菰
[U+83F0]

CJK Unified Ideographs

菲 →
[U+83F2]

Translingual

Han character

菱 (radical 140, 艸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿土金水 (TGCE), four-corner 4440₇, composition ⿱艹夌)

References

KangXi: page 1039, character 20

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31219

Dae Jaweon: page 1498, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3229, character 1

Unihan data for U+83F1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		菱

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (夌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
棱	*rɯːŋ
稜	*rɯːŋ
輘	*rɯːŋ
倰	*rɯːŋ
祾	rɯːŋ, rɯŋ
踜	*rɯːŋs
凌	*rɯŋ
菱	*rɯŋ
陵	*rɯŋ
綾	*rɯŋ
鯪	*rɯŋ
淩	*rɯŋ
夌	*rɯŋ
蔆	*rɯŋ
崚	*rɯŋ
掕	*rɯŋ
𩜁	*rɯŋs
庱	r̥ʰɯŋ, r̥ʰɯŋʔ
睖	*r̥ʰɯŋ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): líng (ling²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ling⁴
Min Nan (POJ): lêng

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: líng
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄥˊ
  - Wade–Giles: ling²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ling
  - IPA ^(key): /liŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ling⁴
  - Yale: lìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ling⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ling⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /lɪŋ²¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lêng
  - Tâi-lô: lîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: leeng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /liɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɪŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɪŋ²³/

Middle Chinese: /lɨŋ/▼

Rime
Character	菱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力膺切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/lɨŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/lieŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/liŋ/
Li Rong	/liəŋ/
Wang Li	/lĭəŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯əŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	líng

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*rɯŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菱
Reading #	1/1
No.	8245
Phonetic component	夌
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	陵
Old Chinese	/*rɯŋ/
Notes	同蔆，省文，見呂氏春秋

Definitions

菱

water caltrop; water chestnut (Trapa natans)

Compounds

撈菱／捞菱
菱形 (língxíng)
菱歌
菱花

菱花鏡／菱花镜
菱角 (língjiao)
菱鋅礦／菱锌矿

菱鎂礦／菱镁矿
菱鐵礦／菱铁矿
菱鯛／菱鲷

Japanese

Kanji

菱

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

diamond (shape); rhombus

Readings

Goon: りょう (ryō)
Kan’on: りょう (ryō)
Kun: ひし (hishi, 菱)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
菱
ひし Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ひし [hìshí] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA^(key): [çiɕi]

Noun

菱 (hiragana ひし, katakana ヒシ, rōmaji hishi)

water caltrop

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as ヒシ.

Derived terms

浜 (ハマ)菱 (ビシ) (hamabishi)
鉄 (てつ)菱 (びし) (tetsubishi)

Korean

water caltrop seeds in diamond shape (마름모, 菱形)

Hanja

菱 • (reung>neung) (hangeul 릉>능, revised reung>neung, McCune–Reischauer rŭng>nŭng, Yale lung>nung)

(마름): water caltrop, compare water chestnut.

Usage notes

It may be implausible to use water chestnut synonymously or confusingly, which is also synonymous to Eleocharis dulcis that is unrelated to water caltrop.

Vietnamese

Han character

菱 (lăng, năng, trăng)

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