窈窕淑女
Chinese
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˇ ㄊㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄨ ㄋㄩˇ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeauteau shuneu
- IPA (key): /i̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʂu⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠˇ ㄊㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄨˊ ㄋㄩˇ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeauteau shwuneu
- IPA (key): /i̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ ʂu³⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: miu5 tiu5 suk6 neoi5, jiu2 tiu5 suk6 neoi5
- Yale: míuh tíuh suhk néuih, yíu tíuh suhk néuih
- Cantonese Pinyin: miu5 tiu5 suk9 noey5, jiu2 tiu5 suk9 noey5
- Guangdong Romanization: miu5 tiu5 sug6 nêu5, yiu2 tiu5 sug6 nêu5
- IPA (key): /miːu̯¹³ tʰiːu̯¹³ sʊk̚² nɵy̯¹³/, /jiːu̯³⁵ tʰiːu̯¹³ sʊk̚² nɵy̯¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 窈 | 窕 | 淑 | 女 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) | 定 (7) | 常 (25) | 娘 (12) |
| Final (韻) | 蕭 (93) | 蕭 (93) | 屋 (4) | 魚 (22) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | IV | III | III |
| Fanqie | 烏皎切 | 徒了切 | 殊六切 | 尼吕切 |
| Reconstructions | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʔeuX/ | /deuX/ | /d͡ʑɨuk̚/ | /ɳɨʌX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʔeuX/ | /deuX/ | /d͡ʑiuk̚/ | /ɳiɔX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʔeuX/ | /deuX/ | /d͡ʑiuk̚/ | /niɔX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʔɛwX/ | /dɛwX/ | /d͡ʑuwk̚/ | /ɳɨə̆X/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʔeuX/ | /deuX/ | /ʑiuk̚/ | /niɔX/ |
| Wang Li |
/ieuX/ | /dieuX/ | /ʑĭuk̚/ | /nĭoX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʔieuX/ | /dʱieuX/ | /ʑi̯uk̚/ | /ni̯woX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yǎo | diào | shú | nǚ |
- Old Chinese▼
- (Baxter-Sagart): /*ʔˤ[e]wʔ lˤ[e]wʔ [d]iwk nraʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qiːwʔ l'eːwʔ ɦljɯwɢ naʔ/
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 窈 | 窕 | 淑 | 女 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yǎo | tiǎo | shū | nǚ |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ʔewX › | ‹ dewX › | ‹ dzyuwk › | ‹ nrjoX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*ʔˤ[e]wʔ/ | /*lˤ[e]wʔ/ | /*[d]iwk/ | /*nraʔ/ |
| English | ʔewX-dewX hidden; deep | 窈窕 beautiful | fine, good | female |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 窈 | 窕 | 淑 | 女 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/1 | 1/2 |
| No. | 15634 | 16893 | 11756 | 9616 |
| Phonetic component |
幼 | 兆 | 尗 | 女 |
| Rime group |
幽 | 宵 | 覺 | 魚 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
窕 | 熟 | ||
| Old Chinese |
/*qiːwʔ/ | /*l'eːwʔ/ | /*ɦljɯwɢ/ | /*naʔ/ |
Idiom
窈窕淑女
- virtuous and beautiful girl
- 窈窕淑女，君子好逑。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yǎotiǎo shūnǚ, jūnzǐ hǎoqiú. [Pinyin]
- The modest, retiring, virtuous, young lady:
For our prince a good mate she.
-
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