穆

穆	U+7A46, 穆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A46

← 穅
[U+7A45]

CJK Unified Ideographs

穇 →
[U+7A47]

Translingual

Han character

穆 (radical 115 禾+11, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹木竹日竹 (HDHAH), four-corner 2692₂, composition ⿰禾⿱⿱白小彡)

References

KangXi: page 859, character 4

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25251

Dae Jaweon: page 1284, character 23

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2628, character 20

Unihan data for U+7A46

Chinese

simp. and trad.		穆

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *muɡ) : semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 㣎 – standing grain.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mù (mu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): muk⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mu̍k
Min Dong (BUC): mŭk
Min Nan (POJ): bo̍k
Wu (Wiktionary): moq (T5)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: mù
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˋ
  - Wade–Giles: mu⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muh
  - IPA ^(key): /mu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: muk⁶
  - Yale: muhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: muk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: mug⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /mʊk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mu̍k
  - Hakka Romanization System: mug
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mug⁶
  - IPA: /muk̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mŭk
  - IPA ^(key): /muʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍k
  - Tâi-lô: bo̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔk̚⁴/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: moq (T5)
  - IPA ^(key): /mʊʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: /mɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	穆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	莫六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/miuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/miuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muwk̚/
Li Rong	/miuk̚/
Wang Li	/mĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mù

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m(r)iwk/

(Zhengzhang): /*muɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	穆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mù
Middle Chinese	‹ mjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*m(r)iwk/
English	harmonious
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穆
Reading #	1/1
No.	9336
Phonetic component	穆
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	目
Old Chinese	/*muɡ/

Definitions

穆

^† standing grain
(historical) the right side position in ancestral temples
(figuratively) right side
reverent; respectful
magnificent and beautiful; majestic
solemn; solemnly silent
calm; mild; gentle
harmonious; peaceful
pure; honest
profound and lasting; far-reaching
Short for 穆罕默德 (Mùhǎnmòdé, “Muhammad”).
Short for 穆斯林 (mùsīlín, “Muslim”).
A surname.

Compounds

卡土穆
宓穆
庫穆塔格／库穆塔格
於穆／于穆
昭穆
沕穆
穆如清風／穆如清风

穆思林
穆斯林 (mùsīlín)
穆民 (mùmín)
穆清
穆然
穆穆
緝穆／缉穆

肅穆／肃穆 (sùmù)
落落穆穆
輯穆／辑穆
郁穆
雍穆
靜穆／静穆 (jìngmù)

Japanese

Kanji

穆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): ぼく (boku); もく (moku)
Kun: やわらぐ (yawaragu, 穆らぐ)

Korean

Hanja

穆 • (mok) (hangeul 목, revised mok, McCune–Reischauer mok, Yale mok)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

穆 (mục)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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