禍

See also: 祸
禍 U+798D, 禍
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-798D
← 禌
[U+798C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 禎 →
[U+798E]

Translingual

Han character

禍 (radical 113, 示+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈火月月口 (IFBBR), four-corner 37227, composition ⿰礻咼)

References

  • KangXi: page 844, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24766
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2402, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+798D

Chinese

trad. 禍
simp. 祸
alt. forms 旤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 禍
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (冎) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
碢 *l'oːl
腡 *ɡ·roːl, *kʷroːl
過 *kloːl, *kloːls
渦 *kloːl, *qloːl
鍋 *kloːl
楇 *kloːl, *ɡloːls
瘑 *kloːl
緺 *koːl, *kroːl, *kʷroːl
堝 *kloːl
濄 *kloːl, *qloːl
鐹 *kloːlʔ, *kloːls
薖 *kʰloːl
簻 *kʰloːl, *kr'oːl
禍 *ɡloːlʔ
窩 *qloːl
萵 *qloːl
檛 *kr'oːl
膼 *kr'oːl
蝸 *kroːl, *kʷroːl
媧 *kroːl, *kʷroːl
騧 *kroːl, *kʷroːl
冎 *kroːlʔ
剮 *kroːlʔ
諣 *qʰroːls, *qʰʷroːls
歄 *kʷroːl
咼 *kʰʷroːl
喎 *kʰʷroːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡloːlʔ) : semantic 示 (“sacrifice”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • hǒ͘/hō - literary;
  • ě/ē - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 禍
Mandarin Beijing /xuo⁵¹/
Harbin /xuo⁵³/
Tianjin /xuo⁵³/
Jinan /xuə²¹/
Qingdao /xuə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuo³¹²/
Xi'an /xuo⁴⁴/
Xining /xu²¹³/
Yinchuan /xuə¹³/
Lanzhou /xuə¹³/
Ürümqi /xuɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /xuo³⁵/
Chengdu /xo¹³/
Guiyang /xo²¹³/
Kunming /xo²¹²/
Nanjing /xo⁴⁴/
Hefei /xʊ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /xuɤ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /xuə³⁵/
Hohhot /xuɤ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦu²³/
Suzhou /ɦəu³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦo¹³/
Wenzhou /vu³⁵/
Hui Shexian /xo²²/
Tunxi /xo²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /xo⁵⁵/
/xo¹¹/
Xiangtan /ɦo²¹/
Gan Nanchang /fo²¹/
Hakka Meixian /fo⁵³/
Taoyuan /fo⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɔ²²/
Nanning /wɔ²²/
Hong Kong /wɔ²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ho²²/
/e²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /huɔ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xua⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hua³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ho³³/
/hua³³/
Rime
Character 禍
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡果切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦuɑX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦuɑX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuɑX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwaX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuɑX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣuɑX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣuɑX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 huò
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 禍
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 huò
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwaX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ʷˤajʔ/
English calamity

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 禍
Reading # 1/1
No. 4375
Phonetic
component		 冎
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 禍
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡloːlʔ/

Definitions

禍

  1. disaster; misfortune; calamity
  2. to bring disaster upon

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

禍

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 禍)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Noun

禍 (hiragana わざわい, rōmaji wazawai)

  1. Alternative form of 災い

Korean

Hanja

禍 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune–Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

禍 (hoạ, vạ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.