祖

祖 U+7956, 祖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7956
← 祕
[U+7955] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 祗 →
[U+7957]
祖 U+FA50, 祖
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA50
← 祐
[U+FA4F] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 祝 →
[U+FA51]
祖 U+2F953, 祖
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F953
← 𥘦
[U+2F952] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 𥚚 →
[U+2F954]

Translingual

Han character

祖 (radical 113 示+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 戈火月一 (IFBM), four-corner 37210, composition ⿰礻且(GHTJV) or ⿰示且(K))

References

  • KangXi: page 841, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24664
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1260, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2391, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+7956

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 祖

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 祖
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
虘 *zaːl, *zaː
蔖 *zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ
摣 *rnaː, *ʔsraː
袓 *ʔsjaː, *zaʔ
怚 *ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ
罝 *ʔsjaː
謯 *ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ
姐 *ʔsjaːʔ
抯 *ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː
飷 *ʔsjaːʔ
且 *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa
趄 *sʰjaːs, *sʰa
笡 *sʰjaːs
查 *ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː
柤 *ʔsraː
樝 *ʔsraː
皻 *ʔsraː
渣 *ʔsraː
楂 *zraː
苴 *zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa
駔 *ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ
租 *ʔsaː
蒩 *ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa
祖 *ʔsaːʔ
組 *ʔsaːʔ
珇 *ʔsaːʔ
靻 *ʔsaːʔ
粗 *sʰaː, *zaːʔ
徂 *zaː
殂 *zaː
麆 *zaːʔ, *zras
伹 *zaːʔ, *sʰa
蛆 *ʔsa, *sʰa
沮 *ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra
咀 *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ
疽 *sʰa
雎 *sʰa
狙 *sʰa, *sʰas
岨 *sʰa
砠 *sʰa
坥 *sʰa, *sʰas
刞 *sʰas
覰 *sʰas
覷 *sʰas
跙 *zaʔ
筯 *das
菹 *ʔsra
葅 *ʔsra
阻 *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
俎 *ʔsraʔ
詛 *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
鉏 *zra, *zraʔ
豠 *zra
鋤 *zra
耡 *zra, *zras
齟 *zraʔ
助 *zras

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsaːʔ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa). Specialization of 且. See there for more.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 則古切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡suoX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡suoX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡soX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /t͡sɔX/
Li
Rong		 /t͡soX/
Wang
Li		 /t͡suX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡suoX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zǔ
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsuX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ts]ˤaʔ/
English ancestor

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 祖
Reading # 1/1
No. 10398
Phonetic
component		 且
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 祖
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔsaːʔ/

Definitions

祖

  1. ancestor; forebear; forefather
  2. grandparent; grandfather or grandmother
  3. A surname​. Zu

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai

 祖

Kyūjitai

Kanji

祖

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. founder

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
祖
そ
Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 祖 (tsuX, “ancestor”).

Pronunciation

Noun

祖 (hiragana そ, rōmaji so)

  1. ancestor

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

祖 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Noun

祖

  1. Hán tự form of tổ

Compounds

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