犯

犯 U+72AF, 犯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72AF
← 犮
[U+72AE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 犰 →
[U+72B0]

Translingual

Han character

犯 (radical 94 犬+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 大竹尸山 (KHSU), four-corner 47212, composition ⿰犭㔾)

References

  • KangXi: page 706, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20238
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1118, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1331, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+72AF

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 犯

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 犯
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (氾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
氾 *pʰoms, *bom
犯 *bomʔ
範 *bomʔ
范 *bomʔ
笵 *bomʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bomʔ) : semantic 犬 + phonetic 𢎘.

Etymology

"To pass over" > "to offend against, oppose". Compare 氾.

This character originally had bilabial nasal (*-m) final in Old and Middle Chinese, but had undergone dissimilation (from bilabial plosive *b-) to become *-n in most dialects, except for Hakka. Similar dissimilation happened in 帆.

Pronunciation

Note: faan6-2 - noun only.
Rime
Character 犯
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 凡 (146)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 防錽切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bɨɐmX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /biɐmX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /biɐmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /buamX/
Li
Rong		 /biɐmX/
Wang
Li		 /bĭwɐmX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱi̯wɐmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fàn
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 犯
Reading # 1/1
No. 2980
Phonetic
component		 氾
Rime
group		 談
Rime
subdivision		 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 范
Old
Chinese		 /*bomʔ/

Definitions

犯

  1. to commit (crime), to violate
    犯罪  ―  fànzuì  ―  to commit crime
  2. criminal
    罪犯  ―  zuìfàn  ―  criminal
    俾個犯走甩咗呀！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    俾个犯走甩咗呀！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    Bei2 go3 faan6-2 zau2 lat1 zo2 aa3! [Jyutping]
    The criminal ran loose!

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

犯

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. crime
  2. sin
  3. offense

Readings

Compounds

Suffix

犯 (hiragana はん, rōmaji -han)

  1. perpetrators of a crime
  2. a crime

Korean

Hanja

犯 • (beom) (hangeul 범, revised beom, McCune–Reischauer pŏm, Yale pem)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

犯 (phạm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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