蝙蝠

Chinese

bat
simp. and trad.
(蝙蝠)		 蝙 蝠
alt. forms 𧓧蝮 archaic

Etymology

An alliterative augmentation of 蝠 (OC *pɯɡ, “bat”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baːk (“bat”). Cognate with Mizo bâk (“bat”).

Pronunciation

Note: bin1 fuk1, bin2 fuk1 - rare.
Rime
Character 蝙 蝠
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 先 (85) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) IV III
Fanqie 布玄切 方六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pen/ /pɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pen/ /piuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pɛn/ /piuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pɛn/ /puwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /pen/ /piuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /pien/ /pĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pien/ /pi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 biān fu
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蝙 蝠
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 725 3398
Phonetic
component		 扁 畐
Rime
group		 元 職
Rime
subdivision		 2 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 邊 福
Old
Chinese		 /*peːn/ /*pɯɡ/

Noun

蝙蝠

  1. bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 蝙蝠 (“bat (animal)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蝠、蝙蝠、服翼 E、飛鼠 E、老鼠 E、薔鼠 E、蟙鏰 Northern Yan
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 蝙蝠
Taxonomic name 蝙蝠
Mandarin Beijing 燕麼虎兒、蝙蝠兒
Taiwan 蝙蝠
Tianjin 燕巴虎兒、簷老鼠
Harbin 燕別咕、燕別蝠
Shenyang 燕別蝠
Jinan 簷壁蝠子、簷壁虎 suburban
Muping 元寶戶兒
Luoyang 夜鱉胡
Jiedian 夜蝙蟲
Xi'an 夜標虎、夜標虎兒
Zhengzhou 鹽變呼
Xining 夜百風
Yinchuan 夜蝙蝠
Lanzhou 夜蝙蝠
Ürümqi 鴷蝙蝠
Wuhan 簷老鼠、簷鼠佬
Chengdu 簷老鼠兒、夜壁蝠兒、蝙蝠
Guiyang 夜老鼠、鹽老鼠
Liuzhou 飛鼠
Kunming 夜壁蝠
Yangzhou 壁蝠子
Nanjing 蝙蝠
Hefei 壁蝠、簷老鼠
Nantong 偷油老鼠、油老鼠
Cantonese Guangzhou 蝠鼠、飛鼠
Hong Kong 蝙蝠、蝠鼠、飛鼠
Shunde 蝠鼠
Foshan 飛鼠、蝠鼠
Zhongshan 飛鼠
Dongguan 蝠鼠、飛鼠
Hong Kong (Weitou) 蝠鼠、盲老鼠
Taishan 飛鼠
Doumen 飛鼠
Kaiping 飛鼠
Shaoguan 飛鼠
Yunfu 飛鼠
Yangjiang 蝠鼠、飛鼠
Xinyi 飛鼠
Lianjiang 飛鼠
Nanning 飛鼠
Kuala Lumpur 飛鼠、蝠鼠
Gan Nanchang 簷老鼠、蝙蝠
Lichuan 簷老鼠
Pingxiang 簷老鼠
Hakka Meixian 蝠婆仔
Xingning 蝠婆哩
Huidong 蚊鼠
Qujiang 飛鼠
Xiaosanjiang 飛鼠
Changting 調簷老鼠
Pingyu 蝠婆子
Wuping 婢婆子
Liancheng 簷老鼠
Ninghua 簷老鼠
Yudu 琵琶老鼠
Ruijin 簷老鼠
Shicheng 簷老鼠
Shangyou 琵琶老鼠
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 蝙蝠、蝠婆、蝠婆仔
Liudui (S. Sixian) 蝙蝠、蝠婆、蝠婆仔
Hsinchu (Hailu) 蝙蝠、蝠婆
Dongshi (Dabu) 蝙蝠、蝠婆
Zhuolan (Raoping) 蝠婆、蝠婆仔
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 蝠婆
Hong Kong 蝠婆、蚊鼠
Sabah 蝠婆、蝠婆仔
Senai 蝠婆
Singkawang 蝠婆
Huizhou Shexian 偷油燕、偷油老鼠、陌翼老鼠
Tunxi 拉叭布翼
Jixi 飛行老鼠、天行老鼠
Jin Taiyuan 夜壁蝠
Xinzhou 夜蝙蝠
Min Bei Jian'ou 比婆、蝙蝠
Min Dong Fuzhou 琵琶兜壁、蝙蝠、野燕
Fuqing 蝙蝠
Min Nan Xiamen 密婆、日婆、夜婆
Quanzhou 日婆
Zhangzhou 密婆
Taipei 日婆、夜婆、密婆
Kaohsiung 夜婆仔、密婆
Tainan 夜婆、密婆
Taichung 日婆
Wuqi 夜婆
Hsinchu 夜婆
Taitung 夜婆
Lukang 夜婆
Sanxia 密婆
Yilan 密婆、夜婆
Kinmen 月婆、密婆、夜婆
Magong 蝙蝠、密婆
Penang 密婆
Singapore 密婆
Pingnan 飛鼠
Chaozhou 密婆
Shantou 蝠婆
Johor Bahru 密婆
Haikou 飛鼠、佛鼠
Leizhou 飛鼠
Pinghua Nanning 飛鼠
Wu Shanghai 蝙蝠
Suzhou 蝙蝠子
Hangzhou 蝙蝠
Wenzhou 皮翼、老鼠皮翼
Danyang 蝙蝠、蝙蝠蝠
Jinhua 老鼠皮翼
Ningbo 蝙蝠老鼠、蝙蝠
Xiang Changsha 簷老鼠
Shuangfeng 簷老鼠
Xiangtan 簷老鼠
Loudi 簷老鼠
Note E - east of Hangu Pass

Derived terms

  • 紅蝙蝠／红蝙蝠
  • 蝙蝠不自見，笑他梁上燕／蝙蝠不自见，笑他梁上燕
  • 蝙蝠人

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (蝙蝠):
  • Japanese: 蝙蝠 (へんぷく) (henpuku)
  • Korean: 편복 (蝙蝠, pyeonbok)
  • Vietnamese: biên bức (蝙蝠)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
蝙 蝠
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
Irregular

/kapapori/ → /kafabori/ → /kawabori/ → /kaumori/ → /kɔːmori/ → /koːmori/

Alteration of kawahori,[1][2] or kawabori (see below).

The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), borrowed from Chinese 蝙蝠.

Pronunciation

Noun

蝙蝠 (hiragana こうもり, katakana コウモリ, rōmaji kōmori, historical hiragana かうもり)

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
    Synonyms: 蚊食い鳥 (kakuidori), 天鼠 (tenso), バット (batto), 飛鼠 (hiso)
  2. an opportunist
  3. Short for 蝙蝠傘 (kōmori-gasa): a Western-style umbrella
  4. Short for 蝙蝠羽織 (kōmori-baori): a haori with long sleeves similar to the wings of a bat
Derived terms
Proverbs

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
蝙 蝠
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
Irregular

/kapapori/ → /kafafori/ → /kawahori/

First attested in the Honzō Wamyō (918 CE).

Ultimate derivation unclear, appears to be derived from a compound. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

The kanji spelling is jukujikun (熟字訓), borrowed from Chinese 蝙蝠.

Pronunciation

  • (Irregular reading)
    • IPA(key): [ka̠ɰᵝa̠ho̞ɾʲi]

Noun

蝙蝠 (hiragana かわほり, rōmaji kawahori, historical hiragana かはほり)
(alternative reading hiragana かわぼり, romaji kawabori, historical hiragana かはぼり)

  1. (archaic) a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
  2. Short for 蝙蝠扇 (kawahori-ōgi): a paper folding fan
  3. Short for 蝙蝠羽織 (kawahori-baori): a haori with long sleeves similar to the wings of a bat
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
蝙 蝠
へん
Hyōgaiji		 ふく > ぷく
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蝙蝠 (MC pen pɨuk̚).

Pronunciation

Noun

蝙蝠 (hiragana へんぷく, rōmaji henpuku)

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)

References

  1. 1 2 3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
蝙蝠

Noun

蝙蝠 • (pyeonbok) (hangeul 편복)

  1. Hanja form? of 편복 (“bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)”).

Okinawan

Etymology

Cognate with mainland Japanese 蝙蝠 (kōmori).

Noun

蝙蝠 (hiragana かーぶやー, romaji kābuyā)

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
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