福

福 U+798F, 福
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-798F
← 禎
[U+798E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 禐 →
[U+7990]
福 U+FA1B, 福
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA1B
← 祥
[U+FA1A] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 靖 →
[U+FA1C]
福 U+2F956, 福
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F956
← 𥛅
[U+2F955] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 秫 →
[U+2F957]

Translingual

Han character

福 (radical 113, 示+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈火一口田 (IFMRW), four-corner 31266, composition ⿰礻畐(GHTJV) or ⿰示畐(K))

References

  • KangXi: page 845, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24768
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2404, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+798F

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 福

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 福
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (畐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
富 *pɯɡs
輻 *pɯɡs, *pɯɡ
副 *pʰɯɡs, *pʰrɯɡ, *pʰɯɡ
褔 *pʰɯɡs
蔔 *bɯːɡ
匐 *bɯːɡ, *bɯɡ
逼 *prɯɡ
偪 *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ
幅 *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ
楅 *prɯɡ, *pɯɡ
湢 *prɯɡ
堛 *pʰrɯɡ
愊 *pʰrɯɡ
踾 *pʰrɯɡ, *brɯɡ, *pɯɡ
揊 *pʰrɯɡ
稫 *pʰrɯɡ
畐 *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ
疈 *pʰrɯɡ
腷 *brɯɡ
鶝 *brɯɡ, *pɯɡ
福 *pɯɡ
蝠 *pɯɡ
葍 *pɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pɯɡ) : semantic 示 + phonetic 畐 (OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ).

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with 富 (OC *pɯɡs, “rich”), Tibetan ཕྱུགས (phyugs, “livestock”).

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 福
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /piuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /pĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fu
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 福
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjuwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*pək/
English blessing

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 福
Reading # 1/1
No. 3395
Phonetic
component		 畐
Rime
group		 職
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 福
Old
Chinese		 /*pɯɡ/

Definitions

福

  1. blessing; happiness; good fortune; prosperity
  2. Short for 福建 (Fújiàn, “Fujian”).
  3. A surname​. Fu.

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (福):
  • Japanese: 福 (ふく) (fuku)
  • Korean: 복 (福, bok)
  • Vietnamese: phúc (福), phước (福)

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 福
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 敷救切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pʰɨuH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pʰiuH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pʰiəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pʰuwH/
Li
Rong		 /pʰiuH/
Wang
Li		 /pʰĭəuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pʰi̯ə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fòu

Definitions

福

  1. † to store; to garner
  2. † to conform to; to fit in with

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

福

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 福)

Readings

Compounds

Noun

福 (hiragana ふく, rōmaji fuku)

  1. good luck, good fortune
  2. happiness

Korean

Hanja

福 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

福 (phúc, phước)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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