糞

See also: 粪
糞 U+7CDE, 糞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CDE
← 糝
[U+7CDD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 糟 →
[U+7CDF]

Translingual

Han character

糞 (radical 119, 米+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木田廿金 (FDWTC), four-corner 90801, composition ⿱米異)

References

  • KangXi: page 912, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27102
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3158, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+7CDE

Chinese

trad. 糞
simp. 粪
alt. forms 𨤝
𡊅 partial
𡊄 partial

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (糞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
糞 *pɯns
瀵 *pɯns, *pʰɯns

Oracle bone: pictogram (象形) : 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚.

Small seal: pictogram (象形) : 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾.

The current glyph is from the small seal script.

Pronunciation

Note:
  • pùn - vernacular;
  • hùn - literary.
Rime
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方問切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /piunH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /piuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /punH/
Li
Rong		 /piuənH/
Wang
Li		 /pĭuənH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fèn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fèn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjunH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*p[u]r-s/
English manure, dirt

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
No. 3197
Phonetic
component		 糞
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 糞
Old
Chinese		 /*pɯns/

Definitions

糞

  1. † to clear away
  2. excrement; faeces; dung
  3. † to apply manure to
  4. manure

See also

Compounds

  • 糞壤窟室／粪壤窟室
  • 糞夫／粪夫
  • 糞棋／粪棋
  • 糞汁／粪汁 (fènzhī)
  • 糞球／粪球
  • 糞窖子／粪窖子
  • 糞筐／粪筐
  • 糞箕／粪箕
  • 糞箕子／粪箕子
  • 糞肥／粪肥 (fènféi)
  • 糞門／粪门 (fènmén)
  • 糞除／粪除
  • 背槽拋糞／背槽抛粪
  • 葉落糞本／叶落粪本
  • 著糞佛頭／著粪佛头
  • 蠅糞點玉／蝇粪点玉
  • 血糞／血粪
  • 視如糞土／视如粪土
  • 賤如糞土／贱如粪土
  • 馬糞／马粪 (mǎfèn)
  • 馬糞紙／马粪纸 (mǎfènzhǐ)
  • 驢糞毬／驴粪毬
  • 鳥糞層／鸟粪层

Japanese

Kanji

糞

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
糞
くそ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

From Proto-Japonic *kuso. Cognate with 臭い (kusai, “stinky, smelly”), 腐る (kusaru, “to rot, to become stinky”).[1]

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

糞 (hiragana くそ, rōmaji kuso)

  1. (colloquial) feces, excrement
  2. (by extension) shit, garbage, trash
Derived terms
Idioms

Interjection

糞 (hiragana くそ, rōmaji kuso)

  1. (swear word) shit
Usage notes

This is not considered as profane as the English glosses. For instance, a child of five using the Japanese interjection kuso would be unremarkable, whereas it would be very socially inappropriate for a child of five to use the English interjection shit.

Prefix

糞 (hiragana くそ, rōmaji kuso-)

  1. A derogatory prefix.
    糞 (くそ)爺 (じじ)い
    kusojijī
    damn geezer

Suffix

糞 (hiragana くそ, rōmaji -kuso)

  1. crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix.
    下 (へ)手 (た)糞 (くそ)
    hetakuso
    crappy bad at something, to be shit at doing something
    襤 (ぼ)褸 (ろ)糞 (くそ)
    borokuso
    broken down for shit, raggedy-ass

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
糞
ふん
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

/pun/ → /fun/

From Middle Chinese 糞 (pjunH).

Pronunciation

Noun

糞 (hiragana ふん, katakana フン, rōmaji fun)

  1. droppings, dung
    ふれあい動物園 (どうぶつえん)のモルモットが受 (う)けるストレスを糞 (ふん)中 (ちゅう)コルチコステロンによって推定 (すいてい)する試 (こころ)み
    fureai dōbutsuen no morumotto ga ukeru sutoresu o funchū koruchikosuteron ni yotte suitei suru kokoromi
    noninvasive monitoring of stress via fecal corticosterone levels in guinea pigs on public display
Usage notes
  • This noun specifically refers to the excrement of non-human animals; for human excrement, the term 大便 (daiben) is used.
  • This term may be spelled as フン due to the complexity of the kanji 糞.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
糞
ばば
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Appears to derive from baby talk.[1][2] Compare English poopoo.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

糞 (hiragana ばば, rōmaji baba)

  1. (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie
  2. (childish) something unclean
Idioms

References

  1. 1 2 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1 2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

糞 • (bun) (hangeul 분)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

糞 (phẩn, phân)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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