根本

Chinese

		radical (chem.); root; basis	roots or stems of plants; origin; source roots or stems of plants; origin; source; this; the current; root; foundation; basis; (a measure word)
simp. and trad. (根本)		根	本

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gēnběn

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄣㄅㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gan¹ bun²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîn-pún
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kun-pún / kin-pún

(Teochew, Peng'im): geng¹ bung² / ging¹ beng²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gēnběn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄣㄅㄣˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: genbeen
  - IPA ^(key): /kən⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gan¹ bun²
  - Yale: gān bún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gan¹ bun²
  - Guangdong Romanization: gen¹ bun²
  - IPA ^(key): /kɐn⁵⁵ puːn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn-pún
  - Hakka Romanization System: gin´ bun`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gin¹ bun³
  - IPA: /kin²⁴ pun³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun-pún
  - Tâi-lô: kun-pún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kunpuon
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kun⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kun⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³ pun⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin-pún
  - Tâi-lô: kin-pún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kinpuon
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kin⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kin⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: geng¹ bung² / ging¹ beng²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳng púng / king pṳ́ng
  - IPA ^(key): /kɯŋ³³⁻²³ puŋ⁵²/, /kiŋ³³⁻²³ pɯŋ⁵²/

Note:

geng1 bung2 - Chaozhou;
ging1 beng2 - Chaoyang.

Adjective

根本

fundamental; basic; essential

對我來說，我們國家的根本問題是我們的教學系統。 [MSC, trad.]
对我来说，我们国家的根本问题是我们的教学系统。 [MSC, simp.]
Duì wǒ láishuō, wǒmen guójiā de gēnběn wèntí shì wǒmen de jiàoxué xìtǒng. [Pinyin]
The way I see it, our country's basic problem is our education system.

Adverb

根本

at all; simply; absolutely

他根本不知道從哪裡入手找工作。 [MSC, trad.]
他根本不知道从哪里入手找工作。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā gēnběn bù zhīdào cóng nǎlǐ rùshǒu zhǎo gōngzuò. [Pinyin]
He has absolutely no idea how to start looking for work.

她根本就沒有童年。 [MSC, trad.]
她根本就没有童年。 [MSC, simp.]
Tā gēnběn jiù méiyǒu tóngnián. [Pinyin]
She didn't have any kind of childhood.

Usage notes

The adverb is almost always followed by a negative expression.

Synonyms

壓根／压根 (yàgēn)

Noun

根本

root; foundation; base; basis

我們應該把握問題的根本。 [MSC, trad.]
我们应该把握问题的根本。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒmen yìnggāi bǎwò wèntí de gēnběn. [Pinyin]
We should get to the root of the problem.

我想從根本解決問題。 [MSC, trad.]
我想从根本解决问题。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ xiǎng cóng gēnběn jiějué wèntí. [Pinyin]
I'd like to settle this problem once and for all.

Derived terms

根本法

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
根	本
こん Grade: 3	ほん > ぽん Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) こんぽん [kòńpóń] (Heiban – [0])
- (Tokyo) こんぽん [kòńpóꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3])
- IPA^(key): [kõ̞mpõ̞ɴ]

Noun

根本 (hiragana こんぽん, rōmaji konpon)

foundation; basis
root; origin

Derived terms

根本的 (こんぽんてき) (konponteki)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
根	本
ね Grade: 3	もと Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ねもと [nèmótóꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
- IPA^(key): [ne̞mo̞to̞]

Proper noun

根本 (hiragana ねもと, rōmaji Nemoto)

A surname.

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