柏

See also: 栢

柏	U+67CF, 柏 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-67CF

← 柎
[U+67CE]

CJK Unified Ideographs

某 →
[U+67D0]

Translingual

Han character

柏 (radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木竹日 (DHA), four-corner 4690₀, composition ⿰木白)

References

KangXi: page 518, character 22

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14617

Dae Jaweon: page 906, character 21

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1185, character 3

Unihan data for U+67CF

Chinese

simp. and trad.		柏
alt. forms		栢

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (白) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
怕	pʰraːɡs, pʰraːɡ
帕	pʰraːɡs, mbraːd
粕	pʰaːɡ, pʰraːɡ
胉	*pʰaːɡ
泊	*baːɡ
箔	*baːɡ
魄	tʰaːɡ, pʰraːɡ
皕	*prɯɡ
伯	*praːɡ
百	*praːɡ
迫	*praːɡ
敀	praːɡ, pʰraːɡ
柏	*praːɡ
湐	*praːɡ
拍	*pʰraːɡ
珀	*pʰraːɡ
皛	pʰraːɡ, ɡeːwʔ
洦	mpʰraːɡ, mbraːɡ
白	*braːɡ
帛	*braːɡ
舶	*braːɡ
鮊	*braːɡ
陌	*mbraːɡ
帞	*mbraːɡ
袹	*mbraːɡ
蛨	*mbraːɡ
貊	*mbraːɡ
佰	*mbraːɡ
銆	*mbraːɡ
碧	praɡ, preɡ
咟	*ɦmreːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *praːɡ) : semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 白 (OC *braːɡ).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bǎi, bó (bai³, bo²)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˇ, ㄅㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): baak³, paak³
Min Nan (POJ): peh / peeh / piak / pek

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan, vernacular)⁺
  - Pinyin: bǎi
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˇ
  - Wade–Giles: pai³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bae
  - IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan, literary)⁺
  - Pinyin: bó
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
  - Wade–Giles: po²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
  - IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/

Note: bó - Mainland standard in foreign names, e.g. 柏林, 柏拉圖／柏拉图.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: baak³, paak³
  - Yale: baak, paak
  - Cantonese Pinyin: baak⁸, paak⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: bag³, pag³
  - IPA ^(key): /pɑːk̚³/, /pʰɑːk̚³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peh
  - Tâi-lô: peh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: peq
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /peʔ⁵/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /peʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: peeh
  - Tâi-lô: peeh
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɛʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: piak
  - Tâi-lô: piak
  - Phofsit Daibuun: piag
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /piak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pek
  - Tâi-lô: pik
  - Phofsit Daibuun: peg
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /piɪk̚³²/

Note:

peh/peeh - vernacular;
piak/pek - literary.

Middle Chinese: /pˠæk̚/▼

Rime
Character	柏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	博陌切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠæk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚak̚/
Shao Rongfen	/pak̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/paɨjk̚/
Li Rong	/pɐk̚/
Wang Li	/pɐk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pɐk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bo

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤrak/

(Zhengzhang): /*praːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	柏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǎi
Middle Chinese	‹ pæk ›
Old Chinese	/*pˤrak/
English	cypress
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	柏
Reading #	1/1
No.	197
Phonetic component	白
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	伯
Old Chinese	/*praːɡ/

Definitions

柏

cypress
Alternative form of 伯 (bó).
Alternative form of 迫 (pò).
an ancient county in modern Henan
A surname.

Compounds

側柏／侧柏 (cèbǎi)
刺柏 (cìbǎi)
卷柏
扁柏
朱柏廬／朱柏庐
東柏林／东柏林 (Dōng-Bólín)
松柏 (sōngbǎi)
松柏之堅／松柏之坚
松柏之壽／松柏之寿
松柏之茂
松柏園／松柏园
松柏後凋／松柏后凋
松柏節操／松柏节操
松柏長青／松柏长青
柏京其
柏克
柏克萊／柏克莱
柏卡里
柏吉烏斯／柏吉乌斯
柏塞麥／柏塞麦
柏子
柏府
柏拉圖／柏拉图 (Bólātú)
柏文蔚

柏木 (bǎimù)
柏木油
柏林 (Bólín)
柏林劇團／柏林剧团
柏林圍牆／柏林围墙 (Bólín Wéiqiáng)
柏林大學／柏林大学
柏林影展
柏林會議／柏林会议
柏林樂派／柏林乐派
柏柏人
柏格曼
柏格森
柏梁臺／柏梁台
柏梁詩／柏梁诗
柏梁體／柏梁体
柏樹／柏树 (bǎishù)
柏油 (bǎiyóu)
柏油紙／柏油纸
柏油路 (bǎiyóulù)
柏濩
柏翳
柏臺／柏台
柏臺烏府／柏台乌府
柏舟

柏舟之痛
柏舟之節／柏舟之节
柏舟之誓
柏舟操
柏鄉縣／柏乡县
柏酒
柏金
柏青哥 (bóqīnggē)
柏頓／柏顿
柏高
桂宮柏寢／桂宫柏寝
檉柏／柽柏
檜柏／桧柏
歲寒松柏／岁寒松柏
玉柏
石刁柏
精忠柏
羅漢柏／罗汉柏
西柏林 (Xī-Bólín)
赫柏定律
都柏林 (Dūbólín)
餐松啖柏
餐松食柏
龍柏／龙柏

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 柏 *– see 檗 (“Amur cork tree Phellodendron amurense”).* (This character, 柏, is a variant form of 檗.)

References

(Cantonese) Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)

Japanese

Kanji

柏

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

oak
(rare) Japanese nutmeg yew, kaya, Torreya nucifera

Readings

Goon: ひゃく (hyaku)
Kan’on: はく (haku)
Kun: かしわ (kashiwa, 柏); かえ (kae); かや (kaya)
Nanori: かい (kai); かし (kashi); かしわ (kashiwa)

Noun

柏 (hiragana かしわ, katakana カシワ, rōmaji kashiwa)

oak

Proper noun

柏 (hiragana かしわ, rōmaji Kashiwa)

a place name, such as that of Kashiwa City in Chiba Prefecture
A female given name

Korean

Hanja

柏 • (baek) (hangeul 백, revised baek, McCune–Reischauer paek, Yale payk)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

柏 (bách, bá)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.