嫌

嫌 U+5ACC, 嫌
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5ACC
← 嫋
[U+5ACB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 嫍 →
[U+5ACD]

Translingual

Han character

嫌 (radical 38 女+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 女廿X金 (VTXC), four-corner 48437, composition ⿰女兼)

References

  • KangXi: page 269, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6618
  • Dae Jaweon: page 536, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1073, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5ACC

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 嫌

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 嫌
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (兼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
譧 *r'eːms
賺 *r'eːms
尲 *kreːm
鹻 *kreːmʔ
歉 *kʰreːms, *kʰreːmʔ, *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːms
槏 *kʰreːmʔ
鰜 *ɡreːm, *keːm
稴 *ɡreːm, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ, *ɡ·reːms, *ɡeːm
豏 *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡreːms
甉 *ɡreːmʔ, *ɡraːm
廉 *ɡ·rem
鎌 *ɡ·rem
鬑 *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
鐮 *ɡ·rem
簾 *ɡ·rem
薕 *ɡ·rem, *ɡ·reːm
蠊 *ɡ·rem
嬚 *ɡ·remʔ
溓 *ɡ·remʔ, *ɡ·reːm, *ɡ·reːmʔ
嵰 *kʰremʔ
隒 *ŋɡremʔ
熑 *ɡ·reːm
濂 *ɡ·reːm
燫 *ɡ·reːm
兼 *keːm, *keːms
縑 *keːm
鶼 *keːm
蒹 *keːm
搛 *keːm
謙 *kʰeːm
膁 *kʰeːmʔ
嗛 *kʰeːmʔ
慊 *kʰeːmʔ, *kʰeːb
傔 *kʰeːms
馦 *qʰeːm
嫌 *ɡeːm
鼸 *ɡeːmʔ
尷 *kreːm

Pronunciation

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 嫌
Mandarin Beijing /ɕian³⁵/
Harbin /ɕian²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕian⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiã⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕian⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiã²⁴/
Xining /ɕiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕian⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕian⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiɛn²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕian³¹/
Guiyang /ɕian²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /ɕien²⁴/
Hefei /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/ ～疑
/xæ¹³/ ～疼咧
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦi²³/
Suzhou /ɦiɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /ji³¹/
/ɦa³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ɕiẽ¹³/
Xiangtan /ɕiẽ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɛn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /hiam¹¹/
Taoyuan /hiɑm¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jim²¹/
Nanning /jim²¹/
Hong Kong /jim²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hiam³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /hieŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hiam⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /hiam³¹/
Rime
Character 嫌
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 添 (157)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 戸兼切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦem/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦem/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣɛm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦɛm/
Li
Rong		 /ɣem/
Wang
Li		 /ɣiem/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣiem/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xián
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 嫌
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xián
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hem ›
Old
Chinese		 /*N-kˤem/
English doubt, doubtful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 嫌
Reading # 1/1
No. 6078
Phonetic
component		 兼
Rime
group		 談
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 嫌
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡeːm/

Definitions

嫌

  1. to hate; to detest
  2. to suspect
  3. to criticize

Compounds

  • 不嫌
  • 不避嫌疑
  • 主嫌
  • 休嫌
  • 凶嫌
  • 前嫌
  • 可嫌
  • 多嫌
  • 嫌好道惡／嫌好道恶
  • 嫌好道醜／嫌好道丑
  • 嫌忌
  • 嫌怨
  • 嫌惡／嫌恶 (xiánwù)
  • 嫌憎
  • 嫌棄／嫌弃 (xiánqì)
  • 嫌犯 (xiánfàn)
  • 嫌疑 (xiányí)
  • 嫌疑分子
  • 嫌疑犯 (xiányífàn)
  • 嫌疵
  • 嫌貧愛富／嫌贫爱富
  • 嫌鄙
  • 嫌隙 (xiánxì)
  • 引嫌
  • 惡嫌／恶嫌
  • 愛富嫌貧／爱富嫌贫
  • 挾嫌／挟嫌 (xiéxián)
  • 搶嫌／抢嫌
  • 棄嫌／弃嫌
  • 涉嫌 (shèxián)
  • 猜嫌
  • 瓜李之嫌
  • 瓜田之嫌
  • 睚眥之嫌／睚眦之嫌
  • 竊嫌／窃嫌
  • 罪嫌 (zuìxián)
  • 討嫌／讨嫌
  • 遠嫌／远嫌
  • 避嫌 (bìxián)
  • 重嫌
  • 防嫌

Japanese

Kanji

嫌

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
嫌
いや
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Possibly onomatopoeia as a general expression of disgust. Compare similar terms in many different languages, such as English yuck, Finnish yök, Arabic يَع‎ (yaʿ), Turkish ıyak, Thai ยี้ (yíi).

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

  • 厭 (less common)

Adjective

嫌 (-na inflection, hiragana いや, rōmaji iya)

  1. disagreeable, unpleasant, disgusting, offensive, abhorrent
    嫌 (いや)な顔 (かお)をする
    iya na kao o suru
    to make weird faces
    嫌 (いや)な女 (おんな)
    iya na onna
    unpleasant woman → bitch
    嫌 (いや)なことを言 (い)う
    iya na koto o iu
    to say awful things
    ぞっとするほど嫌 (いや)な目 (め)に合 (あ)った。
    Zotto suru hodo iya na me ni atta.
    They met with a shockingly abhorrent experience.

Inflection

Usage notes

いや (iya) sounds more masculine than やだ (yada), which has the same meaning but is more feminine.

Derived terms

References

  1. ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja

嫌 • (hyeom) (hangeul 혐, revised hyeom, McCune–Reischauer hyŏm)

싫어할 혐, Reading : Hyeom, Meaning : Dislike(싫어하다, Shiruh-Hada) Commonly use with 惡 as 嫌惡(혐오, Hyeo-Mo) as a none, adjective or verb to express great dislike or hatred

Eg) 난 그것을 혐오한다. Nan Gogutsul Hyeomo-handa. I dislike it

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

嫌 (hiềm, hem, hèm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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