冬

See also: 鼕
冬 U+51AC, 冬
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-51AC
← 冫
[U+51AB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 冭 →
[U+51AD]
冬 U+2F81A, 冬
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F81A
← 仌
[U+2F819] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 况 →
[U+2F81B]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

冬 (radical 15, 冫+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹水卜 (HEY), four-corner 27303, composition ⿱夂⺀ (GTJV) or ⿱夂冫 (K))

References

  • KangXi: page 131, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1610
  • Dae Jaweon: page 294, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 867, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+51AC

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 冬
Shang Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (冬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
疼 *dɯːŋ, *duːŋ
冬 *tuːŋ
苳 *tuːŋ
笗 *tuːŋ
炵 *tʰuːŋ, *duːŋ
佟 *duːŋ
鼕 *duːŋ
鉖 *duːŋ
終 *tjuŋ
螽 *tjuŋ
鼨 *tjuŋ
柊 *tjuŋ
鴤 *tjuŋ
泈 *tjuŋ
蔠 *tjuŋ

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 冬

Pronunciation

Note:
  • tang - vernacular;
  • tong - literary.
Note:
  • dang1 - vernacular;
  • dong1 - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 冬
Mandarin Beijing /tuŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /tuŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tuŋ²¹/
Jinan /tuŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /təŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /tuŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /tuŋ²¹/
Xining /tuə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tuŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tũn³¹/
Ürümqi /tuŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /toŋ⁵⁵/
Chengdu /toŋ⁵⁵/
Guiyang /toŋ⁵⁵/
Kunming /toŋ/
Nanjing /toŋ³¹/
Hefei /təŋ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tuəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /tuŋ¹³/
Hohhot /tũŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /toŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /toŋ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /toŋ³³/
Wenzhou /toŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /tʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /tan¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /toŋ³³/
Xiangtan /tən³³/
Gan Nanchang /tuŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /tuŋ⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tuŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /toŋ⁵³/
Nanning /tuŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tuŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tɔŋ⁵⁵/
/taŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tøyŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tɔŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /toŋ³³/
/taŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdoŋ²³/
/ʔdaŋ²³/
Rime
Character 冬
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 冬 (5)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都宗切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tuoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tuoŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /toŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tawŋ/
Li
Rong		 /toŋ/
Wang
Li		 /tuoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tuoŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dōng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 冬
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dōng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ towng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˤuŋ/
English winter

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 冬
Reading # 1/1
No. 2419
Phonetic
component		 冬
Rime
group		 終
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 冬
Old
Chinese		 /*tuːŋ/

Definitions

冬

  1. winter
  2. (Min Nan) year
  3. Alternative form of 咚 (dōng, “bang; thud”).

Compounds

See also

Seasons in Chinese · 四季 (sìjì, “four seasons”) (layout · text)
春 (chūn, “spring”) 夏 (xià, “summer”) 秋 (qiū, “fall; autumn”) 冬 (“winter”)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 冬 – see 咚 (“ratatat; etc.”).
(This character, 冬, is the simplified form of 鼕, which is in turn a variant form of 咚.)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji

冬

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
冬
ふゆ
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Noun

冬 (hiragana ふゆ, rōmaji fuyu)

  1. winter (season)
    冬 (ふゆ)の狂 (きょう)風 (ふう)
    Fuyu no Kyōfū
    The Winds of Winter

Synonyms

See also

Seasons in Japanese · 四 (し)季 (き) (shiki, “four seasons”) (layout · text)
春 (はる) (haru, “spring”) 夏 (なつ) (natsu, “summer”) 秋 (あき) (aki, “fall; autumn”) 冬 (ふゆ) (fuyu, “winter”)

Korean

Hanja

冬 • (dong) (hangeul 동, revised dong, McCune–Reischauer tong)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

冬 (đông, đong)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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