韌

See also: 韧

韌	U+97CC, 韌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97CC

← 韋
[U+97CB]

CJK Unified Ideographs

韍 →
[U+97CD]

Translingual

Han character

韌 (radical 178 韋+3, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木手尸竹戈 (DQSHI), four-corner 4754₇, composition ⿰韋刃)

References

KangXi: page 1393, character 10

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43109

Dae Jaweon: page 1908, character 6

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4503, character 7

Unihan data for U+97CC

Chinese

trad.		韌
simp.		韧

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 韌
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu bamboo and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (刃) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
涊	nɯːnʔ, njɯnʔ
紉	*nɯn
忍	*njɯnʔ
荵	*njɯnʔ
刃	*njɯns
認	njɯns, njɯŋs
仞	*njɯns
軔	*njɯns
韌	*njɯns
肕	*njɯns
牣	*njɯns
杒	*njɯns
訒	*njɯns

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rèn (ren⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ngan⁶, jan⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiun
Min Nan (POJ): līm / jīm / līn / jīn / lūn / jūn / lǔn

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: rèn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ
  - Wade-Giles: jên⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renn
  - IPA ^(key): /ʐən⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ngan⁶, jan⁶
  - Yale: ngahn, yahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ngan⁶, jan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ngen⁶, yen⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /ŋɐn²²/, /jɐn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiun
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiun
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiun⁴
  - IPA: /ɲi̯un⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līm
  - Tâi-lô: līm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lim
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lim²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lim⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīm
  - Tâi-lô: jīm
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jim
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑim²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: līn
  - Tâi-lô: līn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lin
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lin²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lin⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīn
  - Tâi-lô: jīn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jin
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑin²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lūn
  - Tâi-lô: lūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lun
  - IPA (Taipei): /lun³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lun⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lun²²/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jūn
  - Tâi-lô: jūn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: jun
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /zun³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡zun²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lǔn
  - Tâi-lô: lǔn

Note:

līm/jīm/līn/jīn - literary;
lūn/jūn/lǔn - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: /ȵiɪn^H/▼

Rime
Character	韌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	而振切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪn^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵin^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjen^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵin^H/
Li Rong	/ȵiĕn^H/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕn^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯ĕn^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rèn

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*njɯns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	韌
Reading #	1/1
No.	10835
Phonetic component	刃
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	刃
Old Chinese	/*njɯns/
Notes	見管子

Definitions

韌

strong, tough
(Cantonese) hard

我覺得呢塊肉韌咗啲。 [Cantonese, trad.]
我觉得呢块肉韧咗啲。 [Cantonese, simp.]
Ngo⁵ gok³ dak¹ nei¹ faai³ juk⁶ ngan⁶ zo² di¹. [Jyutping]
I think this piece of meat is a bit too hard.

Compounds

堅韌／坚韧 (jiānrèn)
堅韌不拔／坚韧不拔
強韌／强韧

柔韌／柔韧 (róurèn)
韌帶／韧带 (rèndài)
韌性／韧性 (rènxìng)

韌皮纖維／韧皮纤维
韌皮部／韧皮部 (rènpíbù)

Japanese

Kanji

韌

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): じん (jin), にん (nin)

Kun: しなやか (shinayaka)

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