賢豆
Chinese
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (賢豆) | 賢 | 豆 | |
| simp. (贤豆) | 贤 | 豆 | |
Etymology
An old name for “India”, attested in Xu Gaosengzhuan (續高僧傳, Further Biographies of the Eminent Monks) [645 CE]. Borrowed from Middle Persian; compare Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁 (hinduš).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄡˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shyandow
- IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jin4 dau6
- Yale: yìhn dauh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jin4 dau6
- Guangdong Romanization: yin4 deo6
- IPA (key): /jiːn²¹ tɐu̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 賢 | 豆 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 匣 (33) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 先 (85) | 侯 (137) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | IV | I |
| Fanqie | 胡田切 | 田候切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɦen/ | /dəuH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɦen/ | /dəuH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɣɛn/ | /dəuH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɦɛn/ | /dəwH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɣen/ | /duH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɣien/ | /dəuH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ɣien/ | /dʱə̯uH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
xián | dòu |
Proper noun
賢豆
- (obsolete) India
- 詳夫天竺之稱，異議糾紛，舊云身毒，或曰賢豆，今從正音，宜云印度。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
详夫天竺之称，异议纠纷，旧云身毒，或曰贤豆，今从正音，宜云印度。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: Xuanzang, Great Tang Records on the Western Regions, 646 CE
- Xiáng fú Tiānzhú zhī chēng, yìyì jiūfēn, jiù yún Juāndú, huò yuē Xiándòu, jīn cóng zhèngyīn, yí yún Yìndù. [Pinyin]
- When looking closely at the names for India (in the records), one finds that there are many different versions: formerly it was called Juandu, or Xiandou; but now (we should) follow the correct pronunciation, and adopt the name Yindu.
-
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