菡萏

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (菡萏)		菡	萏

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hàndàn

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ ㄉㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): haam⁵ daam⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: hàndàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ ㄉㄢˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hanndann
  - IPA ^(key): /xa̠n⁵¹⁻⁵³ ta̠n⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: haam⁵ daam⁶
  - Yale: háahm daahm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: haam⁵ daam⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: ham⁵ dam⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /hɑːm¹³ tɑːm²²/

Middle Chinese: /ɦʌm^X dʌm^X/▼

Rime
Character	菡	萏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	胡感切	徒感切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦʌm^X/	/dʌm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦəm^X/	/dəm^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɒm^X/	/dɒm^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəm^X/	/dəm^X/
Li Rong	/ɣᴀm^X/	/dᴀm^X/
Wang Li	/ɣɒm^X/	/dɒm^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣăm^X/	/dʱăm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hàn	dàn

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ɡuːmʔ l'oːmʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	萏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dàn
Middle Chinese	‹ dom^X ›
Old Chinese	/*rˤomʔ/
English	菡萏 homX.domX lotus flower
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	菡	萏
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4866	13539
Phonetic component	函	臽
Rime group	侵	談
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	頷	禫
Old Chinese	/*ɡuːmʔ/	/*l'oːmʔ/

Noun

菡萏

(literary) lotus flower, especially one that has not blossomed

彼澤之陂，有蒲菡萏。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
彼泽之陂，有蒲菡萏。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
Bǐ zé zhī bēi, yǒu pú hàndàn. [Pinyin]
By the shores of that marsh,
There are rushes and lotus flowers.

Synonyms

荷花 (héhuā)
芙蓉 (fúróng)

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