艾

艾 U+827E, 艾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-827E
← 艽
[U+827D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 艿 →
[U+827F]

Translingual

Han character

艾 (radical 140, 艸+2, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿大 (TK) or X廿大 (XTK), four-corner 44400, composition ⿱艹乂)

References

  • KangXi: page 1017, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30648
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1475, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3172, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+827E

Chinese

trad. 艾
simp. # 艾

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (乂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
艾 *ŋaːds, *ŋads
鴱 *ŋaːds, *ŋads
餀 *hŋaːds
刈 *ŋads
乂 *ŋads

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋaːds, *ŋads) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 乂 (OC *ŋads).

Pronunciation 1

Note:
  • ngié - vernacular;
  • ngái - literary.
Note:
  • hiāⁿ - vernacular;
  • gāi/ngāi - literary;
  • ài - limited.
Note:
  • hian7 - vernacular;
  • ngai6 - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 艾
Mandarin Beijing /ai⁵¹/
Harbin /ai⁵³/
Tianjin /nai⁵³/
Jinan /ŋɛ²¹/
Qingdao /ɣɛ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ai³¹²/
Xi'an /ŋai⁴⁴/
Xining /nɛ²¹³/
Yinchuan /ɛ¹³/
Lanzhou /ɛ¹³/
Ürümqi /ŋai²¹³/
Wuhan /ai³⁵/
Chengdu /ŋai¹³/
Guiyang /ŋai²¹³/
/ai²¹³/ 新
Kunming /æ²¹²/
Nanjing /ae⁴⁴/
Hefei /ʐe̞⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /ɣai⁴⁵/
Pingyao /ŋæ³⁵/
Hohhot /ŋɛ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /e⁵³/
Suzhou /ŋe̞¹³/
Hangzhou /ŋe̞¹³/
Wenzhou /ŋe²²/
Hui Shexian /ŋa²²/
Tunxi /ŋa¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ŋai⁵⁵/
/ŋai¹¹/
Xiangtan /ŋai²¹/
Gan Nanchang /ŋai²¹/
Hakka Meixian /ne⁵³/
Taoyuan /oi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ŋai²²/
Nanning /ŋai²²/
Hong Kong /ŋai²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /gai²²/
/hiã²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ŋiɛ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ŋuɛ⁴⁴/
/ŋai⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hiã³¹/
/ŋãi³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ai³⁵/
/ŋia²³/
Rime
Character 艾
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 泰 (25)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 五蓋切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋajH/
Li
Rong		 /ŋɑiH/
Wang
Li		 /ŋɑiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 ài
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 艾
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 ài
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngajH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.ŋˤa[t]-s/
English Artemisia; moxa

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 艾
Reading # 1/2
No. 14953
Phonetic
component		 乂
Rime
group		 祭
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 艾
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋaːds/

Definitions

艾

  1. mugwort, especially Chinese mugwort (Artemisia argyi)
  2. † green
  3. † pale; greyish white
  4. † beautiful lady
  5. † elderly person
  6. † to end; to stop
  7. † to nurture; to foster
  8. (historical) an ancient place in modern-day Xiushui County, Jiangxi
  9. (historical) a mountain in modern-day Xintai, Shandong
  10. A surname​.

Compounds

  • 三年艾
  • 千年艾
  • 奇龐福艾／奇庞福艾
  • 將艾／将艾
  • 少艾 (shào'ài)
  • 幼艾
  • 悔艾
  • 方興未艾／方兴未艾
  • 期期艾艾 (qīqī'ài'ài)
  • 期艾
  • 未艾
  • 未艾方興／未艾方兴
  • 沛艾
  • 灼艾分痛
  • 班艾島／班艾岛
  • 白艾
  • 耄艾
  • 耆艾
  • 艾人
  • 艾子
  • 艾服
  • 艾氣／艾气
  • 艾火
  • 艾炷
  • 艾略特
  • 艾窩窩／艾窝窝 (àiwōwo)
  • 艾納香／艾纳香
  • 艾絨／艾绒 (àiróng)
  • 艾美獎／艾美奖
  • 艾老 (àilǎo)
  • 艾艾
  • 艾草 (àicǎo)
  • 艾虎
  • 艾豭
  • 芝艾俱焚
  • 蒲艾
  • 蓄艾
  • 蕭艾／萧艾
  • 蘄艾／蕲艾
  • 蘭艾／兰艾
  • 蘭艾俱焚／兰艾俱焚
  • 蘭艾同焚／兰艾同焚
  • 蘭艾同燼／兰艾同烬
  • 蘭芷蕭艾／兰芷萧艾
  • 鄧艾吃／邓艾吃
  • 銀艾／银艾

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

艾

  1. Only used in 艾滋病 (àizībìng).

Pronunciation 3

Rime
Character 艾
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 廢 (27)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 魚肺切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋɨɐiH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋiɐiH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋiɐiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋɨajH/
Li
Rong		 /ŋiɐiH/
Wang
Li		 /ŋĭɐiH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋi̯ɐiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 y-
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 艾
Reading # 2/2
No. 14958
Phonetic
component		 乂
Rime
group		 祭
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 刈
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋads/

Definitions

艾

  1. † Alternative form of 刈 (yì, “to mow; to harvest; to chop; to exterminate; sickle”).
  2. † Alternative form of 乂 (yì, “to govern; to control; to pacify; to admonish”).

Compounds

  • 艾如張／艾如张
  • 艾安
  • 銍艾／铚艾

Japanese

Kanji

艾

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
艾
もぐさ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

艾 (hiragana もぐさ, rōmaji mogusa)

  1. mugwort
Descendants

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
艾
よもぎ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

艾 (hiragana よもぎ, rōmaji yomogi)

  1. mugwort

References

  1. 1 2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1 2 3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

艾 • (ae, ye) (hangeul 애, 예, revised ae, ye, McCune–Reischauer ae, ye, Yale ay, yey)

  1. (쑥) moxa, mugwort

See also

Vietnamese

Han character

艾 (ngải, nghệ, nghễ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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