索

索 U+7D22, 索
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D22
← 紡
[U+7D21] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 紣 →
[U+7D23]

Translingual

Han character

索 (radical 120 糸+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十月女戈火 (JBVIF), four-corner 40903, composition ⿳十冖糸)

References

  • KangXi: page 918, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27306
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1349, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3369, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+7D22

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (索) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
索 *slaːɡ, *sraːɡ, *sreːɡ
溹 *slaːɡ, *sraːɡ, *sreːɡ

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.
 索

From Austro-Asiatic; compare Proto-Vietic *ɟaːk (“rope”) (> Vietnamese chạc), Mon ဇုက် (“string; cord; rope; lashing; creeper”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • soh - vernacular;
  • sok/sek - literary.
Rime
Character 索
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /sɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /sak̚/
Li
Rong		 /sɑk̚/
Wang
Li		 /sɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /sɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 suo
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 索
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 suǒ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s]ˤak/
English twist a rope

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 索
Reading # 1/3
No. 12191
Phonetic
component		 索
Rime
group		 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 索
Old
Chinese		 /*slaːɡ/

Definitions

索

  1. rope; cable
  2. (Teochew) to climb; to clamber
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 繩子 (“string; rope; cord”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 繩、索
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 繩索
Mandarin Beijing 繩子、繩兒
Jinan 繩子
Xi'an 繩子
Wuhan 繩子、索子
Chengdu 繩子、索子
Yangzhou 繩子
Hefei 繩、繩子
Cantonese Guangzhou 繩、索
Hong Kong 繩、索
Hong Kong (Weitou) 繩、繩仔
Taishan 繩、索
Yangjiang 索
Gan Nanchang 繩子、索子
Hakka Meixian 索仔、索嫲
Xingning 索、索嫲
Huidong 索仔、索嫲
Qujiang 索子、索嫲
Xiaosanjiang 索仔、索嫲
Changting 索子
Pingyu 索
Wuping 索子
Liancheng 索子
Ninghua 索子
Ruijin 索子、繩
Shicheng 繩
Shangyou 繩
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 索仔
Liudui (S. Sixian) 索仔
Hsinchu (Hailu) 索仔
Dongshi (Dabu) 索
Zhuolan (Raoping) 索仔
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 索
Hong Kong 索嫲
Jin Taiyuan 繩子
Min Bei Jian'ou 索
Min Dong Fuzhou 索
Min Nan Xiamen 索仔、索
Quanzhou 索仔、索
Zhangzhou 索仔、索
Chaozhou 索
Wu Suzhou 繩
Wenzhou 繩
Xiang Changsha 繩子、索子
Shuangfeng 繩子、索子

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.
 索
alt. forms 𡩡

Ultimately Austro-Asiatic; compare Khmer ស (sɑɑ, “white; to show something clearly”); cognate with 素 (OC *saːs, “colourless; plain”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • soh/sak - vernacular;
  • sok/sek - literary.
Rime
Character 索 索
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Initial (聲) 生 (21) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 陌 (115) 麥 (119)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III II
Fanqie 山戟切 山責切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʃˠiæk̚/ /ʃˠɛk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʃᵚiak̚/ /ʃᵚæk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʃiak̚/ /ʃɐk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʂiajk̚/ /ʂəɨjk̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʃiɐk̚/ /ʃɛk̚/
Wang
Li		 /ʃĭɐk̚/ /ʃæk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʂiɐk̚/ /ʂæk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 shi she
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 索
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 suǒ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ sak ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s]ˤak/
English search (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 索 索
Reading # 2/3 3/3
No. 12193 12195
Phonetic
component		 索 索
Rime
group		 鐸 錫
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 𡩡 栜
Old
Chinese		 /*sraːɡ/ /*sreːɡ/

Definitions

索

  1. to search; to inquire into
  2. to request; to demand

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
 索

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 索
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 心 (16)
Final (韻) 鐸 (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 蘇各切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /sɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /sɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /sɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /sak̚/
Li
Rong		 /sɑk̚/
Wang
Li		 /sɑk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /sɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 suo
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 索
Reading # 1/3
No. 12191
Phonetic
component		 索
Rime
group		 鐸
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 索
Old
Chinese		 /*slaːɡ/

Definitions

索

  1. A surname​.

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.
 索

Pronunciation

Definitions

索

  1. (Cantonese, of a female) beautiful; pretty; hot; sexually attractive

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

索

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. string, thread

Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

索 • (saek, sak) (hangeul 색, 삭, revised saek, sak, McCune–Reischauer saek, sak, Yale sayk, sak)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

索 (sách, tác, xách)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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