窮

See also: 穷
窮 U+7AAE, 窮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7AAE
← 窭
[U+7AAD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 窯 →
[U+7AAF]

Translingual

Han character

窮 (radical 116 穴+10, 15 strokes, cangjie input 十金竹竹弓 (JCHHN), four-corner 30227, composition ⿱穴躬)

References

Chinese

trad. 窮
simp. 穷

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (躬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
躬 *kuŋ
匑 *kuŋ, *kʰuŋ
躳 *kuŋ
窮 *ɡuŋ
藭 *ɡuŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡuŋ) : semantic 身 (“body”) + phonetic 穹 (OC *kʰʷɯŋ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • kiông - literary;
  • kêng/khêng/không - vernacular;
  • khiò - 竅 is used in the Mainland.
Note:
  • kiong5 - literary;
  • gêng5 - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 窮
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰyŋ³⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕʰyŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕʰyŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /t͡ɕʰyŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰyuŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕʰyŋ²⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕʰyə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰyŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰỹn⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰyŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡ɕʰioŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyoŋ³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕʰioŋ²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰioŋ¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕʰioŋ²⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰyəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕʰyŋ¹³/
/t͡ɕyŋ¹³/ ～人
Hohhot /t͡ɕʰỹŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑioŋ²³/
Suzhou /d͡ʑioŋ¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑioŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑoŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰyʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕioŋ¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡ʑin¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiuŋ²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /kʰiuŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /kʰioŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kʰoŋ²¹/
Nanning /kʰuŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /kʰuŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kiɔŋ³⁵/
/kiŋ³⁵/
/kʰiŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kyŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kœyŋ²¹/ 無～
/kœyŋ³³/ ～沒
Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰioŋ⁵⁵/
/keŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /xiɔŋ³¹/
/kiaŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 窮
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 東 (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠弓切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡiuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /guwŋ/
Li
Rong		 /ɡiuŋ/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qióng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 窮 窮
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qióng qióng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gjuwng › ‹ gjuwng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ](r)uŋ/ /*m-[ɡ](r)uŋ/
English poor exhaust

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 窮
Reading # 1/1
No. 4145
Phonetic
component		 躬
Rime
group		 終
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 窮
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡuŋ/

Definitions

窮

  1. poor, destitute, impoverished
  2. exhausted, used up
  3. 69th tetragram of the Taixuanjing

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

窮

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Korean

Hanja

窮 • (gung) (hangeul 궁, revised gung, McCune–Reischauer kung, Yale kwung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Character

窮 (cùng, khùng, còng, càng)

Readings

Etymology 1

Adjective

窮 (khùng)

  1. crazy

Etymology 2

Noun

窮 (càng)

  1. nipper, pincer

References

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