牘

See also: 牍

牘	U+7258, 牘 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7258

← 牗
[U+7257]

CJK Unified Ideographs

牙 →
[U+7259]

Translingual

Han character

牘 (radical 91 片+15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 中中土田金 (LLGWC) or 中弓土田金 (LNGWC), four-corner 2408₆, composition ⿰片賣)

writing tablet
documents, books

References

KangXi: page 694, character 32

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19906

Dae Jaweon: page 1108, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2021, character 2

Unihan data for U+7258

Chinese

trad.		牘
simp.		牍

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 牘
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (𧶠) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
竇	*l'oːɡs
續	ljoɡs, ljoɡ
覿	*l'juːɡ
黷	*l'oːɡ
讟	*l'oːɡ
殰	*l'oːɡ
讀	*l'oːɡ
櫝	*l'oːɡ
牘	*l'oːɡ
儥	*l'oːɡ
贕	*l'oːɡ
皾	*l'oːɡ
瓄	*l'oːɡ
瀆	*l'oːɡ
豄	*l'oːɡ
韇	*l'oːɡ
嬻	*l'oːɡ
犢	*l'oːɡ
匵	*l'oːɡ
藚	*ljoɡ
襩	*ɦljoɡ
贖	*ɦljoɡ
𧶠	*luɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l'oːɡ) : semantic 片 (“slice”) + phonetic 𧶠 (OC *luɡ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): dú (du²)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): duk⁶
Min Nan (POJ): to̍k / tho̍k

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: dú
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨˊ
  - Wade–Giles: tu²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dwu
  - IPA ^(key): /tu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: duk⁶
  - Yale: duhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: duk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dug⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /tʊk̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: to̍k
  - Tâi-lô: to̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tho̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tho̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔk̚²⁴/

Middle Chinese: /duk̚/▼

Rime
Character	牘
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒谷切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/duk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/duk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/duk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəwk̚/
Li Rong	/duk̚/
Wang Li	/duk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱuk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dú

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤok/

(Zhengzhang): /*l'oːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	牘
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dú
Middle Chinese	‹ duwk ›
Old Chinese	/*lˤok/
English	tablet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	牘
Reading #	1/1
No.	16041
Phonetic component	𧶠
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	獨
Old Chinese	/*l'oːɡ/

Definitions

牘

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Compounds

公牘／公牍
函牘／函牍
削牘／削牍
剡牘／剡牍
尺牘／尺牍 (chǐdú)
抱牘／抱牍
文牘／文牍 (wéndú)
書牘／书牍

案牘／案牍 (àndú)
案牘勞形／案牍劳形
案牘勞煩／案牍劳烦
牘尾／牍尾
盈篇累牘／盈篇累牍
竿牘／竿牍
簡牘／简牍 (jiǎndú)
簡牘學／简牍学

素牘／素牍
累牘連篇／累牍连篇
苞苴竿牘／苞苴竿牍
觚牘／觚牍
讞牘／谳牍
連章累牘／连章累牍
連篇累牘／连篇累牍
長篇累牘／长篇累牍

Japanese

Kanji

牘

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): とく (toku)

Kun: ふだ (fuda), かきもの (kakimono)

Compounds

案牘 (あんとく) (antoku)
芳牘 (ほうとく) (hōtoku)
簡牘 (かんとく) (kantoku)
觚牘 (ことく) (kotoku)
尺牘 (せきとく) (sekitoku), 尺牘 (しゃくどく) (shakudoku)
書牘 (しょとく) (shotoku)
章牘 (しょうとく) (shōtoku)
寸牘 (すんとく) (suntoku)
牘書 (とくしょ) (tokusho)

Korean

Hanja

牘 • (dok) (hangeul 독, revised dok, McCune–Reischauer tok, Yale tok)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

牘 (độc)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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