灯

See also: 燈
灯 U+706F, 灯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-706F
← 灮
[U+706E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 灰 →
[U+7070]

Translingual

Japanese 灯
Simplified 灯
Traditional 燈

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲) : semantic 火 + phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).

Han character

灯 (radical 86 火+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火一弓 (FMN), composition ⿰火丁)

References

  • KangXi: page 665, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18855
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1075, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2188, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+706F

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 灯 – see 燈 (“lamp; light; lamp; etc.”).
(This character, 灯, is the simplified form of 燈.)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji

灯

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 燈)

Readings

As shinjitai/variant kanji of 燈:

As unsimplified kanji 灯:

Readings shared by both kanji:

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
灯
とう
Grade: 4
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 燈 (MC təŋ).

Pronunciation

Noun

灯 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 燈, hiragana とう, rōmaji tō)

  1. light

Counter

灯 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 燈, hiragana とう, rōmaji -tō)

  1. electric lights

Suffix

灯 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 燈, hiragana とう, rōmaji -tō)

  1. electric light

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
灯
ともし
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 点す (tomosu, “to light”).

Pronunciation

Noun

灯 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 燈, hiragana ともし, rōmaji tomoshi)

  1. a light
  2. Alternative spelling of 照射 (“a torch used to bait deer”)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
灯
ともしび
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Compound of 点し (tomoshi), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 点す (tomosu, “to light”) + 火 (hi, “fire”). The hi changes to bi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

灯 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 燈, hiragana ともしび, rōmaji tomoshibi)

  1. a light
    1986, 井上あずみ, 「君をのせて」
    [...]　君 (きみ)をかくして　輝 (かがや)く瞳 (ひとみ)きらめく灯 (ともしび)　地 (ち)球 (きゅう)はまわる君 (きみ)をのせて　[...]
    ...kimi o kakushite, kagayaku hitomi kirameku tomoshibi, chikyū wa mawaru kimi wo nosete, ...
    (please add an English translation of this example)
  2. a lit flame such as a candle or torch
  3. (historical, obsolete) under the Ritsuryō system in the Heian period, a kind of scholarship granted to university students
Derived terms
  • 灯 (ともしび)消 (き)えんとして光 (ひかり)を増 (ま)す (tomoshibi kien toshite hikari o masu)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
灯
とぼし
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

/tomosi/ → /tobosi/ → /toboɕi/

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 点す (tobosu, “to light”, archaic).

Appears to be a shift from tomoshi above, nasal /m/ becomes plosive /b/.

Pronunciation

Noun

灯 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 燈, hiragana とぼし, rōmaji toboshi)

  1. (archaic) a light; a lamp

Proper noun

灯 (hiragana とぼし, rōmaji Toboshi)

  1. a place name

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
灯
あかし
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of 明かす (akasu, “to pass”).

Alternative forms

  • 明かし

Pronunciation

Noun

灯 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 燈, hiragana あかし, rōmaji akashi)

  1. a light or lamp, especially in the context of Shinto and Buddhism.
    1987, 坂本冬美, 「あばれ太鼓」
    櫓 (やぐら)太 (だい)鼓 (こ)の灯 (あかし)がゆれて揃 (そろ)い浴衣 (ゆかた)の夏 (なつ)がゆく
    yagura-daiko no akashi ga yurete soroi yukata no natsu ga yuku
    (please add an English translation of this example)
Derived terms

Etymology 6

Kanji in this term
灯
ひ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Cognate with 火 (hi, “fire”).

Pronunciation

Noun

灯 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 燈, hiragana ひ, rōmaji hi)

  1. a light that illuminates objects
Derived terms

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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