桑葚
Chinese
| mulberry tree | fruit of mulberry | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (桑葚) |
桑 | 葚 | |
| alt. forms | 桑椹 | ||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄤ ㄕㄣˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sangshenn
- IPA (key): /sɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄤ ㄕㄣˋㄦ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sangshell
- IPA (key): /sɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂəɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, colloquial)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄤ ㄖㄣˋ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sangrenn
- IPA (key): /sɑŋ⁵⁵ ʐən⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄤ ㄖㄣˋㄦ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sangrell
- IPA (key): /sɑŋ⁵⁵ ʐəɻ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: song1 sam6
- Yale: sōng sahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: song1 sam6
- Guangdong Romanization: song1 sem6
- IPA (key): /sɔːŋ⁵⁵ sɐm²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng-sīm
- Tâi-lô: sng-sīm
- Phofsit Daibuun: sngsim
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² ɕim²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: song-sǐm
- Tâi-lô: song-sǐm
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔŋ³³ ɕim²²/
- (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng-sûi
- Tâi-lô: sng-suî
- Phofsit Daibuun: sngsuii
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ sui²³/
- IPA (Taipei): /sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ sui²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 桑 | 葚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 心 (16) | 船 (27) |
| Final (韻) | 唐 (101) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 息郎切 | 食荏切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/sɑŋ/ | /ʑiɪmX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/sɑŋ/ | /ʑimX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/sɑŋ/ | /ʑjemX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/saŋ/ | /ʑimX/ |
| Li Rong |
/sɑŋ/ | /d͡ʑiəmX/ |
| Wang Li |
/sɑŋ/ | /d͡ʑĭĕmX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/sɑŋ/ | /d͡ʑʰi̯əmX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
sāng | shèn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 桑 | 葚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
sāng | shèn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ sang › | ‹ zyimX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[s]ˤaŋ/ | /*sə-d[ə]mʔ/ |
| English | mulberry tree | mulberry fruit |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 桑 | 葚 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| No. | 10980 | 11298 |
| Phonetic component |
桑 | 甚 |
| Rime group |
陽 | 侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 3 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
桑 | 葚 |
| Old Chinese |
/*sŋaːŋ/ | /*ɦljumʔ/ |
Noun
桑葚
- fruit of the mulberry (an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat yin deficiency)
Synonyms
See also
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